含有噻唑衍生物的有机敏化染料的设计合成及光伏性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 18:00

本文选题：噻唑　切入点：有机染料　出处：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：含有噻唑及其衍生物的有机光电功能材料,由于其特有的n型半导体材料特性,广泛应用于各种光电领域,然而其在染料敏化太阳能电池中却鲜有应用。因此将此类拉电子基团应用到有机染料中,构造D-A-π-A结构的有机光敏染料,可以有效的降低染料分子的带隙并拓宽吸收,同时调节染料分子的LUMO/HOMO能级。因此,本论文围绕着噻唑类有机光敏染料作了一系列尝试,具体研究内容如下：(1)基于并噻唑基团的平面性和拉电子特性,设计并制备了四个含有不同烷氧基链长度的有机光敏染料,通过比较四个染料的光物理、电化学以及光伏性能,发现带有不同烷氧基链的染料由于具有极其类似的电子结构,因而表现出了非常接近的光物理和电化学性质。但是,相应的准固态染料敏化的太阳能电池却表现出了完全不同的电池性能,其中含有两个辛氧基的染料所组装的准固态电池在标准太阳光下获得了5.1%的能量转化效率。(2)基于氟代苯并噻二唑对LUMO能级的调控能力,设计并制备了单氟或双氟取代的苯并噻二唑类有机染料,分别获得了含有一个给电子基团和两个给电子基团的染料分子。当两个染料吸附于TiO2薄膜后,其吸收光谱均覆盖了整个可见光区,表现出了很好的光响应特性。然而,将两个染料组装于染料敏化太阳能电池中后,电池的电流较小,这是因为氟原子的引入拉低了LUMO能级,造成了电荷注入驱动力不足。因此,我们通过调节TiO2导带边能级以及调控电解质中添加剂的含量等手段,使电池性能得到了提升。(3)基于吡啶吡噻二唑对染料吸收光谱的调控能力,设计并制备了含有吡啶并噻二唑基团的有机染料。通过这样的分子设计成功地拓宽了染料分子的吸收,使其延伸到了近红外光区,以更加充分地吸收太阳光。然而由于吡啶并噻二唑过强的缺电子特性,造成其LUMO能级降低过多,使得染料在光照激发后产生的大量电子无法有效地注入到Ti02导带中。我们通过调节TiO2导带边能级来提高电荷注入效率,使得相应的染料敏化电池效率提高了8倍。
[Abstract]:Organic optoelectronic functional materials containing thiazole and its derivatives are widely used in various optoelectronic fields due to their unique n-type semiconductor materials. However, it is rarely used in dye sensitized solar cells. Therefore, the formation of organic Guang Min dyes with D-A- 蟺 -A structure can effectively reduce the band gap and broaden the absorption of dye molecules. Therefore, a series of attempts have been made around thiazole organic Guang Min dyes. The main contents are as follows: 1) based on the planar and electronic properties of thiazolyl groups, Four organic Guang Min dyes with different alkoxyl chain lengths were designed and prepared. By comparing the photophysical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of the four dyes, it was found that the dyes with different alkoxyl chains had very similar electronic structures. Thus showing very close photophysical and electrochemical properties. However, the corresponding quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cells exhibit completely different performance. The quasi solid state cell composed of two octoxyl dyes has achieved an energy conversion efficiency of 5.1% under standard sunlight) based on the ability of Fluorobenzothiadiazole to regulate the LUMO energy level. Monofluorinated or disfluorinated benzothiadiazole organic dyes were designed and prepared. Dye molecules containing one electron donor group and two electron donor groups were obtained, respectively. When two dyes were adsorbed on TiO2 film, The absorption spectra all covered the whole visible light region, showing a good light response. However, when the two dyes were assembled in the dye sensitized solar cells, the current of the cells was small because the introduction of fluorine atoms lowered the LUMO energy level. Therefore, we can adjust the TiO2 conduction band edge energy level and the content of additives in the electrolyte, and so on. Based on the ability of pyridine pyrithiadiazole to regulate the absorption spectra of dyes, organic dyes containing pyridine thiadiazole groups were designed and prepared. It is extended to the near infrared region to absorb solar light more fully. However, the LUMO energy level of pyridine thiadiazole is reduced too much because of its strong electron deficiency. A large number of electrons produced by the dye excited by light can not be injected into the Ti02 conduction band effectively. We improve the charge injection efficiency by adjusting the edge energy level of the TiO2 conduction band, which increases the efficiency of the dye sensitized cell by 8 times.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

【共引文献】