混合式热管接收器的特性模拟和热损分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 15:50

本文选题：斯特林热机　切入点：碟式太阳能热发电系统　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：化石能源的大量使用使煤、石油等储量日益减少,价格大幅攀升,同时由于化石能源的使用而导致的生态环境问题日益凸显。步入21世纪,面对严峻的能源形势和越来越重的环境压力,使得利用风能、太阳能、生物质等可再生能源进行发电越来越受到人们的密切关注。大力发展可再生能源对国家能源安全、环境改善等具有非常重要的战略意义。碟式斯特林太阳能热发电系统因其效率高、可模块化、对环境适应力强等优势,受到国内外的广泛关注。我国拥有丰富的太阳能和生物质资源,发展碟式斯特林太阳能热发电系统,以生物质能作为补充,不仅可以解决单纯的碟式斯特林太阳能热发电系统供电不稳定的问题,同时太阳能和生物质能同属可再生能源,符合现有的可持续发展的国策。本文针对碟式斯特林太阳能热发电系统的应用特点,提出应用于碟式太阳能热发电系统的混合式热管接收器并针对混合式热管接收器进行了大量理论和模拟研究,主要研究内容和结论如下：(1)在借鉴国内外接收器研究应用的基础上,分析碟式太阳能热发电系统接收器的工作特点及应满足的条件,从接收器总体结构、热管单元结构以及接收器工作原理等方面做了详细阐述。根据传热学知识对热管接收器进行简化,对热管接收器的传热过程进行分析计算,得到混合式热管接收器模块各部件的基本尺寸和相对位置。(2)对太阳能模式下不同尺寸的混合式热管接收器进行模拟分析,得到在额定太阳辐射强度下,混合式热管接收器腔体内部温度分布,得到当腔体腔体深度为200mm,孔口直径为90mm,腔体内部温度分布均匀且腔体内壁面不会出现热点,太阳能利用率最高。(3)对燃气模式下混合式热管接收器进行模拟分析,得到在不同燃烧热负荷下,斯特林热机的输出功率,得出太阳能热发电系统利用生物质气燃烧产生的热量发电效率为19%,比实验值17%高。并分析不同保温层厚度下接收器的热量损失,得到接收器外壁最佳保温层厚度为200mm。(4)对混合式热管接收器不同尺寸和不同温度下进行热量损失模拟分析,发现接收器腔体深度对对流换热损失影响较小,对辐射换热损失影响较大；对流换热损失和辐射换热损失随着孔口直径的加大而增加；对流换热损失与热管运行温度呈线性关系。
[Abstract]:The extensive use of fossil energy has reduced the reserves of coal and oil, increased the price, and made the ecological and environmental problems due to the use of fossil energy increasingly prominent. In 21th century, In the face of severe energy situation and more and more severe environmental pressure, people pay more and more attention to the use of renewable energy, such as wind, solar, biomass and other renewable energy to generate electricity. Due to its high efficiency, modularization and adaptability to the environment, the disk Stirling solar thermal power generation system is of great strategic significance. Our country has abundant solar energy and biomass resources, and develops the dish Stirling solar thermal power system, which is supplemented by biomass energy. Not only can we solve the problem of unstable power supply in the simple disk Stirling solar power generation system, but also solar energy and biomass energy are renewable energy sources. In accordance with the existing national policy of sustainable development, this paper aims at the application characteristics of the dish Stirling solar thermal power system. A hybrid heat pipe receiver for disc solar thermal power generation system is proposed, and a large number of theoretical and simulation studies are carried out for the hybrid heat pipe receiver. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) on the basis of the research and application of domestic and foreign receivers, the working characteristics and the conditions that should be met of the dish solar thermal power system receiver are analyzed, and the overall structure of the receiver is analyzed. The structure of the heat pipe unit and the working principle of the receiver are described in detail. According to the knowledge of heat transfer, the heat pipe receiver is simplified and the heat transfer process of the heat pipe receiver is analyzed and calculated. The basic dimensions and relative positions of each component of the hybrid heat pipe receiver module are obtained. (2) the hybrid heat pipe receiver with different sizes in solar mode is simulated and analyzed, and the solar radiation rating is obtained. When the cavity depth is 200mm and the diameter of the hole is 90mm, the temperature distribution in the cavity is uniform and there is no hot spot on the inner wall of the cavity. Solar energy utilization ratio is the highest. 3) the hybrid heat pipe receiver in gas mode is simulated and analyzed. The output power of Stirling heat engine is obtained under different combustion heat loads. The heat generation efficiency of solar thermal power system using biomass gas combustion is 19, which is higher than the experimental value of 17%. The heat loss of the receiver under different thickness of insulation layer is analyzed. The optimum insulation layer thickness of the outer wall of the receiver is 200mm. 4) the heat loss of the mixed heat pipe receiver is simulated at different sizes and temperatures. It is found that the depth of the receiver chamber has little effect on the convection heat transfer loss. The convection heat transfer loss and radiation heat transfer loss increase with the increase of orifice diameter, and the convection heat transfer loss is linearly related to the operating temperature of the heat pipe.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM615

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