基于模糊层次分析法的分散式风电场宏观选址研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:09

本文选题：分散式风电场　切入点：模糊层次分析法　出处：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着风电场建设的不断开展,由于可开发风电场所在的地形条件越来越复杂,而常规大型风电场消纳问题日益严重,分散式风电场的建设逐步得到开展。其中风电场宏观选址作为分散式风电场建设项目的前期工程,对风电场效益及风电场的成败起着越来越重要的作用,受到越来越多的重视。本文首先介绍了分散式风力发电的定义,优势和发展状况,并针对本文研究的问题介绍了分散式风电场宏观选址研究的现状。考虑到分散式风电场与传统大型风电场选址时考虑因素的不同,本文给出了分散式风电场宏观选址评价指标的选取原则,并对常用的宏观选址评价指标进行了系统研究,以为分散式风电场宏观选址提供参考。介绍的评价指标中,本文创新性的引进了对社会环境产生影响的指标：闪烁及光影影响指标和噪声影响指标,并给出了它们的计算方法。由于分散式风电场宏观选址各影响因素中,风能资源因素最为重要,为此,本文对风能资源进行了评估研究。基于分散式风电场宏观选址提出了一种风能资源评估方法,并给出了风能资源评估方法的系统结构。该方法考虑粗糙度模型、地形模型等,以气象站或者测风塔处的风数据为输入数据,以风电场中指定位置处的风数据为输出数据。将该方法应用于工程实例,验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。接着,本文根据分散式风电场结构比较复杂、影响因素较多且部分因素不易量化的特点,在风能资源评估结果的基础上将模糊层次分析法应用于分散式风电场宏观选址中。根据评价指标选取原则选取风能资源、闪烁及光影影响和噪声影响等评价指标。针对层次分析法的不足引进了模糊层次分析法,并提出了实际数据处理方法。在其基础上,将模糊层次分析法处理后的结果和实际数据处理后的结果整合,对多个备选风电场场址进行优劣排序。将此方法应用于工程实例,验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。考虑到国外软件在我们分散式风电场中的不适用性,本文开发了一款基于VB.NET编程语言的分散式风电选址软件。该软件包括风能资源评估功能块和宏观选址功能块等多个功能块。最后,通过某风电场的选址实例说明了风能资源评估功能块和宏观选址功能块的具体功能和操作流程,展示了该软件的优势。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of wind farm construction, the terrain conditions in which the wind farm can be developed are becoming more and more complex, and the problem of the absorption of conventional large-scale wind farms is becoming increasingly serious. The construction of decentralized wind farm has been carried out step by step. As a preliminary project of decentralized wind farm construction project, the macro location of wind farm plays an increasingly important role in the benefit of wind farm and the success or failure of wind farm. This paper first introduces the definition, advantages and development of decentralized wind power generation. The present situation of macroscopical location selection of decentralized wind farm is introduced, considering the difference between decentralized wind farm and traditional large-scale wind farm. In this paper, the selection principle of macroscopical site selection index of decentralized wind farm is given, and the commonly used macroscopical location evaluation index is studied systematically, which provides a reference for macroscopical location selection of decentralized wind farm. In this paper, the influence indexes of flicker, light and shadow and noise are introduced, and their calculation methods are given. Because of the influence factors of macroscopical location of decentralized wind farm, The wind energy resource is the most important factor. Therefore, the wind energy resource is evaluated and studied in this paper. Based on the macro location of decentralized wind farm, a wind energy resource evaluation method is proposed. The system structure of wind energy resource evaluation method is given. The roughness model and terrain model are considered in this method, and the wind data of weather station or wind tower are taken as input data. Taking the wind data at the specified position in the wind farm as the output data, the method is applied to an engineering example to verify the rationality and validity of the method. Then, according to the structure of the decentralized wind farm, the structure of the method is more complex. Based on the evaluation results of wind energy resources, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to the macro location selection of decentralized wind farms, and wind energy resources are selected according to the selection principle of evaluation indexes. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is introduced for the deficiency of AHP, and the practical data processing method is put forward. The result of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is integrated with the result of actual data processing, and the advantages and disadvantages of several alternative wind farm sites are sorted. The method is applied to engineering examples. The rationality and validity of the method are verified. Considering the inapplicability of foreign software in our distributed wind farm, A distributed wind power location software based on VB.NET programming language is developed in this paper. The software includes wind energy resource evaluation function block and macro location function block. Finally, The specific function and operation flow of the wind energy resource evaluation function block and the macro location function block are illustrated by the site selection example of a wind farm, and the advantages of the software are shown.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

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