纳米氧化钌复合电极材料的制备及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 01:03

本文选题：超级电容器　切入点：氧化钌　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在节能环保日益成为主题的今天,绿色环保能源、混合动力汽车、电动汽车以及高端消费电子产品快速发展,人们对电源装置尤其是移动电源设备的要求也越来越多样化。电源装置不仅要求具有高的能量密度,而且要具有高的功率密度,传统的电容器和蓄电池已经不能满足新型电子设备的要求。一种新型的绿色环保储能元器件—超级电容器,因兼具有传统电容器高的功率密度和普通电池高的能量密度等突出优点,正在被广泛运用在交通能源、智能电网、国防武器等高端领域,随着超级电容器性能的不断改善,未来在小功率设备、绿色环保新能源等方面可以完全取代蓄电池,因此对超级电容器的研究具有广阔的应用前景。本文以氧化钌电极材料为研究对象,采用不同的制备方法和工艺,制备了不同体系的氧化钌基复合电极材料,包括氧化钌/氧化铜复合电极材料、氧化钌/活性炭复合电极材料,氧化钌/氧化锰复合电极材料,通过SEM、XRD、TGA等分析表征手段以及循环伏安、恒流充放电、电化学阻抗谱等电化学测试方法,对其进行电化学性能测试。主要研究内容如下:1.采用溶胶-凝胶法和低热固相反应法分别制备了无定型纳米氧化钌和氧化铜电极材料。系统的研究了氧化钌/氧化铜复合电极在不同电解液、粘结剂、电极成型压力下的电化学性能。结果表明:复合电极材料中氧化铜含量为30%时,电解液选择为2mol/L KOH,粘结剂PVDF含量为7%,电极成型压力在10MPa下复合电极性能最佳,比容量可达643F/g,等效串联内阻为0.12Ω,1000次循环充放电之后,比容量仍保持在81.3%。2.通过液相共沉积法制备了氧化钌/活性炭复合电极材料,系统的研究了复合电极的电化学性能,同时讨论了导电剂CNTs、AB、KS6石墨、Super P Li对复合电极的性能影响。结果表明:改性活性炭的加入提高了氧化钌的导电性能,活性炭含量为30%,导电剂为CNTs时复合电极的电化学性能最佳,比容量达到689F/g,内阻为0.19Ω,800次循环充放电之后容量基本保持在稳定的状态。3.采用水热合成反应法制备了纤维直径大约为100nm,长度在1.5μm左右的纳米纤维状二氧化锰电极材料,初步研究了氧化钌所占质量比60%时复合电极的电化学性能。结果表明:复合电极在电流密度为4mA/cm2下,比容量为352F/g,且在循环充放电500次之后比容量仍保持在85.3%左右。
[Abstract]:Today, with energy saving and environmental protection increasingly becoming the theme, green energy, hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicles and high-end consumer electronics are developing rapidly. The requirements of power supply devices, especially mobile power devices, are becoming more and more diversified. Power supply devices need not only high energy density, but also high power density. Traditional capacitors and batteries can no longer meet the requirements of new electronic equipment. A new type of green environmental energy storage components-supercapacitors, Because of its outstanding advantages such as high power density of conventional capacitors and high energy density of ordinary batteries, it is widely used in high-end fields such as transportation energy, smart grid, defense weapons and so on. With the continuous improvement of the performance of supercapacitors, In the future, the storage battery can be completely replaced by low power equipment and green new energy, so the research of supercapacitor has a broad application prospect. In this paper, ruthenium oxide electrode material is taken as the research object. Ruthenium oxide / copper oxide composite electrode materials, ruthenium oxide / activated carbon composite electrode materials and ruthenium oxide / manganese oxide composite electrode materials were prepared by different preparation methods and processes. By means of XRDGA, cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge and discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, etc. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Amorphous nanocrystalline ruthenium oxide and copper oxide electrode materials were prepared by sol-gel method and low-heat solid state reaction method respectively. Ruthenium oxide / oxygen oxide was systematically studied. Cupric composite electrode in different electrolyte, The results show that when the copper oxide content in the composite electrode material is 30%, the electrolyte is chosen as 2 mol / L KOHH, the binder PVDF content is 7%, and the electrode forming pressure is 10 MPA. The specific capacity can reach 643F / g and the equivalent series internal resistance is 0.12 惟 / 1 000 cycles, but the specific capacity remains at 81.33.2. the ruthenium oxide / activated carbon composite electrode material was prepared by liquid phase co-deposition method, and the electrochemical properties of the composite electrode were systematically studied. At the same time, the effect of the conductive agent CNTsABA KS6 graphite superPLi on the performance of the composite electrode was discussed. The results showed that the conductivity of the composite electrode was improved with the addition of modified activated carbon, and the electrochemical performance of the composite electrode was the best when the content of activated carbon was 30 and the conductive agent was CNTs. The specific capacity is 689 F / g, and the internal resistance is 0.19 惟路m ~ (-1). After 800 cycles of charge and discharge, the capacity remains stable. 3. The nanoscale fibrous manganese dioxide electrode material with fiber diameter of about 100 nm and length of about 1.5 渭 m has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis reaction. The electrochemical performance of the composite electrode at the mass ratio of Ru _ 2O _ 3 to Ru _ 2O _ 3 was preliminarily studied. The results showed that the specific capacity of the composite electrode was 352F / g at the current density of 4 Ma / cm ~ 2, and the specific capacity of the composite electrode remained about 85.3% after 500 cycles of charge and discharge.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM53

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