变压器噪声的治理技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 02:29

本文选题：变压器噪声　切入点：多物理场耦合　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着经济的高速发展，越来越多的变电站入住城区，建在城区中心或副中心地带。由于变电站内输变电设备运行时会产生噪声，，而噪声又广泛地影响着人们的各种活动，可能危害人类的健康。因而，作为变电站的一个主要噪声源，变压器噪声产生的根源以及如何控制成为了一个十分重要的课题。首先，本文研究了变压器噪声的产生机理，通过对铁芯和绕组的电磁场和结构力场的耦合仿真模型计算，分析了变压器噪声与其硅钢片的磁致伸缩效应、负载容量之间的关系，得出了变压器的噪声主要是磁致伸缩效应引起的，而在过载或者满载的情况下其绕组振动噪声也不可忽略的结论。同时，本文对变电站工作现场的变压器原始噪声进行采集并分析研究其频谱特性。通过结果统计发现，变压器本体噪声主要呈现出低频特性，并且主要集中在500Hz以下的100Hz的整数倍。基于这个变压器噪声的低频特性，本文提出了抑制变压器噪声的具体措施。其次，本文研究了有源噪声控制的基本原理和系统结构，并进行了相应的仿真研究，综述了前馈控制系统和反馈控制系统的优缺点，分析了系统的两种控制算法LMS和FxLMS。最后，本文结合变压器噪声的低频特性和有源控制系统的基本原理，设计了一套基于声场相消性原理的变压器噪声控制系统。该控制系统是由传声器采集模块、前置放大滤波模块、AD/DA转换模块、系统控制算法模块、音频功率放大模块、次级声源模块构成，该系统能够达到控制一个或多个次级声源产生与初级噪声相抵消的声波从而达到降噪的目的。现场应用的结果表明，这一有源噪声控制技术对低频噪声有一定的消除效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, more and more substations are built in the urban center or sub-center zone. As a main noise source of substation, the source of transformer noise and how to control it has become a very important subject. Firstly, the mechanism of transformer noise is studied, and the magnetostrictive effect between transformer noise and silicon steel sheet is analyzed by calculating the coupling model of electromagnetic field and structural force field of core and winding. The relationship between load capacity shows that the noise of transformer is mainly caused by magnetostrictive effect, and the vibration noise of winding can not be ignored in the case of overload or full load. At the same time, In this paper, the original noise of transformer in substation field is collected and its spectrum characteristic is analyzed. The results show that the main noise of transformer is low frequency characteristic. Based on the low frequency characteristic of the transformer noise, the paper puts forward the concrete measures to suppress the transformer noise. Secondly, this paper studies the basic principle and system structure of active noise control, and carries on the corresponding simulation research, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the feedforward control system and the feedback control system, and analyzes the two control algorithms of the system, LMS and FxLMS. Finally, combining the low frequency characteristic of transformer noise and the basic principle of active control system, a set of transformer noise control system based on the principle of sound field cancellation is designed. The preamplifier filter module is composed of ADP-DA conversion module, system control algorithm module, audio power amplifier module and secondary sound source module. The system can control one or more secondary sound sources to produce acoustic waves counteracting the primary noise and achieve the purpose of noise reduction. The field application results show that the active noise control technology has a certain effect on the elimination of low frequency noise.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM401.2

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