基于高频注入法的PMSM无传感器矢量控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 10:08

本文选题：永磁同步电机　切入点：无传感器矢量控制　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(PMSM)由于其高功率密度和高效率、结构简单、运行可靠等特点，大量运用在工业控制领域。对于传统的调速系统，速度传感器增加了系统硬件的复杂性以及成本，也限制了其在某些特殊应用场合的使用，其可靠性也难以得到保证。随着无传感器技术的日趋成熟，，和微处理器的高速发展，高性能的无传感器矢量控制有着越来越大的应用前景。本文将高频注入法和自适应观测器结合起来，提出了一种可以在全速范围稳定运行的PMSM无传感器方案。本文推导了电机的在不同坐标系下的数学模型，在此基础上分析了脉振高频电压注入法原理，阐述了转子位置信息的提取方法；介绍了自适应观测器的结构和工作原理，通过仿真分析设计了更合理的反馈矩阵系数，大大提高了系统的动态性能以及平稳性。由于高频注入法适合工作在低速，而自适应观测器适合工作在高速，为了使系统可以在全速范围稳定运行，论文将两种方案通过一定的策略结合起来。本文分析了转速过渡过程中需要注意的细节，并提出了平滑的过渡方案。论文从工程实现的角度出发，分析了系统的两组重要的PI参数设计方法，大大简化了系统的调试过程；分析了逆变器非线性特性、饱和效应等对估算转子位置精度的影响，并提出相应的解决方案。通过Saber Designer搭建仿真平台，仿真验证了方案的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:PMSM (permanent Magnet synchronous Motor) is widely used in industrial control field because of its high power density, high efficiency, simple structure and reliable operation. For the traditional speed control system, the speed sensor increases the complexity and cost of the system hardware. It also limits its use in some special applications, and its reliability is difficult to guarantee. With the maturation of sensorless technology and the rapid development of microprocessors, High performance sensorless vector control has more and more application prospects. In this paper, a novel PMSM sensorless scheme is proposed, which combines high frequency injection method with adaptive observer. The mathematical model of the motor in different coordinate systems is derived in this paper, which can operate stably in the full speed range. On this basis, the principle of pulse vibration high frequency voltage injection method is analyzed, the method of extracting rotor position information is expounded, the structure and working principle of adaptive observer are introduced, and a more reasonable feedback matrix coefficient is designed through simulation analysis. The dynamic performance and the stability of the system are greatly improved. Because the high frequency injection method is suitable for working at low speed, and the adaptive observer is suitable for working at high speed, in order to make the system run stably in the full speed range, The paper combines the two schemes through certain strategies. This paper analyzes the details that need to be paid attention to in the process of rotational speed transition, and puts forward a smooth transition scheme. Two sets of important Pi parameter design methods of the system are analyzed, which greatly simplifies the debugging process of the system, and analyzes the effects of nonlinear characteristics of the inverter and saturation effect on the estimation of rotor position accuracy. The feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme are verified by Saber Designer simulation platform.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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