无刷励磁同步电机起动全过程无位置传感器控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 23:09

本文选题：无刷励磁同步电机　切入点：起动/发电一体化系统　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：变频交流电源系统已成为当今大型民用飞机电源系统主流方案，基于无刷励磁同步电机的起动/发电一体化系统作为其重要技术特征而倍受关注。无刷励磁同步电机采用矢量控制策略起动运行时需要获取准确的转子位置信息，，传统机械式位置传感器存在诸多弊端。因此，无位置传感器控制技术应运而生，并开始成为无刷励磁同步电机起动控制领域的重要研究方向。当前无位置传感器控制技术的难点主要在于零速和低速的控制，通常采用高频信号注入法进行转子初始位置检测时存在磁极位置判断错误的可能，需要借助一定的方法进行修正。无刷励磁同步电机因其结构的特殊性，传统的初始位置检测方法并不适用。因此，本文提出一种采用旋转高频电压注入法与感应电势极性判定法相结合的转子初始位置检测方法，采用旋转高频电压注入法作为零速、低速阶段位置检测的方法，通过感应电势极性判定确定转子初始位置，在中高速阶段采用反电势观测位置估计法，并设计从低速到中高速阶段切换的无位置传感器混合控制策略，实现无刷励磁同步电机起动全过程的无位置传感器起动控制。本文首先介绍了无刷励磁同步电机的结构与数学模型，分析无刷励磁同步电机无位置传感器起动原理，详细给出感应电势极性判定初始位置检测、低速运行阶段位置检测、中高速运行阶段位置检测以及切换控制的工作原理，并利用Matlab仿真软件搭建了无刷励磁同步电机无位置传感器起动系统的仿真模型，对其进行仿真研究，验证理论分析的正确性。最后，设计并制作一套基于DSP和CPLD的无刷励磁同步电机无位置传感器控制系统实验平台，进行起动全过程的控制实验研究。研究结果表明该无位置传感器控制方法能够获得良好的转子位置检测效果，实现无刷励磁同步电机的无位置传感器起动功能。
[Abstract]:Frequency conversion AC power supply system has become the mainstream scheme of large civil aircraft power system. As an important feature of brushless excitation synchronous motor, the integrated system of starting and generating power has attracted much attention. The accurate information of rotor position needs to be obtained when the brushless excitation synchronous motor starts with vector control strategy. The traditional mechanical position sensor has many disadvantages. Therefore, the position sensorless control technology has emerged as the times require, and has become an important research direction in the field of brushless excitation synchronous motor starting control. At present, the difficulty of sensorless control lies in the control of zero speed and low speed. It is usually possible to use high frequency signal injection method to detect the initial position of rotor. The traditional initial position detection method is not suitable for brushless excitation synchronous motor because of its special structure. In this paper, a rotor initial position detection method based on rotating high frequency voltage injection method and inductive potential polarity determination method is proposed. The rotating high frequency voltage injection method is used as the zero speed and low speed position detection method. The initial position of rotor is determined by determining the polarity of inductive potential, and the position estimation method of reverse EMF observation is adopted in the middle and high speed stage, and a hybrid control strategy without position sensor is designed to switch from low speed to medium high speed. The sensorless starting control of brushless excitation synchronous motor is realized. In this paper, the structure and mathematical model of brushless excitation synchronous motor are introduced, the starting principle of sensorless brushless synchronous motor is analyzed, and the initial position detection of induction potential polarity determination and position detection in low speed operation stage are given in detail. The working principle of position detection and switching control in middle and high speed operation phase is studied. The simulation model of sensorless starting system of brushless excitation synchronous motor is built by using Matlab simulation software, and the simulation research is carried out. Finally, an experimental platform of sensorless control system for brushless excitation synchronous motor based on DSP and CPLD is designed and fabricated. The results show that the sensorless control method can obtain good rotor position detection effect and realize the sensorless starting function of brushless excitation synchronous motor.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341;TM301.2

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