永磁同步电机高频振动与噪声研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 01:51

  本文选题：永磁同步电机　切入点：电磁振动　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机的振动与噪声是制约电机性能的一项重要指标。对于小型的永磁同步电机，定转子之间的电磁力是引起电机电磁振动的主要原因。定转子之间的电磁力可分解为径向电磁力和切向电磁力，切向电磁力主要产生转矩，而径向电磁力会引起电机的振动，也是本文研究的主要方向。 本文首先对振动与噪声的相关理论基础进行了研究。对多自由度系统的机械振动进行了数学建模，推导了考虑非线性阻尼情况下多自由度系统的复模态理论，，建立了理想流体介质中声波的波动方程。为研究永磁同步电机高频电磁振动与噪声问题奠定了基础，也为相关计算和有限元仿真提供了理论支撑。 其次，针对永磁同步电机定子齿内表面受到的径向电磁力进行了研究。径向电磁力是引起电机电磁振动的主要激励源，本文从永磁同步电机的气隙磁场入手，利用麦克斯韦应力方程得到了定子齿内表面单位面积上受到的径向电磁力波。解析分析了空载、正弦电流供电以及变频器供电时径向电磁力波的时间谐波和空间谐波成分，确定了主要谐波的频率。进一步对空载、正弦电流供电以及变频器供电时电机的气隙磁场和径向电磁力进行了有限元仿真分析，验证了解析分析的正确性。 再次，研究了永磁同步电机各部分结构对定子铁芯结构模态的影响。给出了计算定子铁芯结构模态的单环型机电类比法。将定子铁芯和绕组作为各向异性的复合材料考虑，确定了其各方向的结构属性参数。分别建立了电机定子铁芯、带绕组铁芯、加入机壳和端盖的定子系统以及整机等多个三维结构模型，利用ANSYS进行了有限元模态分析，研究了电机各部分对定子结构模态的影响，得到了模态振型以及相应的模态频率，为研究电机的受力振动提供了参考和依据。 最后，建立了电机定子系统的瞬态动力学分析模型，采用电磁与结构弱耦合的方式进行加载分析，研究了电机在径向电磁力作用下的振动与噪声。分别计算了正弦电流供电和变频器供电两种工况下的电机振动情况，得到了电机各部分的振动位移，分析了振动的频率成分。通过对比固定频率调制和正弦波周期频率调制两种控制方式下电机的振动和噪声辐射情况，证明了周期频率调制控制方式对抑制电机高频电磁振动和噪声的有效性。
[Abstract]:The vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor is an important index to control the motor performance. For small permanent magnet synchronous motor, the electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor is mainly caused by the electromagnetic vibration motor. The electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor can be decomposed into radial electromagnetic force and tangential electromagnetic force, tangential electromagnetic force torque, vibration and radial electromagnetic force will cause the motor, but also the main direction of this study.
This paper studied on the vibration and noise of the relevant theoretical basis. The mechanical vibration of multi degree of freedom system of mathematical modeling, considering the complex modal theory of multi degree of freedom nonlinear damping system under the condition of a wave equation in the ideal fluid medium acoustic process. Laid the foundation for the research on the problems of vibration and noise high frequency electromagnetic permanent magnet synchronous motor, but also provides theoretical support for related calculation and finite Yuan Fangzhen.
Secondly, for permanent magnet synchronous motor radial electromagnetic force is the inner surface of the stator teeth were studied. The radial electromagnetic force is mainly caused by the excitation of electromagnetic vibration motor, this paper from the air gap magnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor starting, using the Maxwell stress equation of radial electromagnetic force wave by the stator surface per unit area.. the analysis of no-load, sinusoidal current inverter power supply and the radial electromagnetic force wave time and space harmonics components, determine the main harmonic frequency. The no-load, sinusoidal current power supply and power supply frequency converter motor air gap magnetic field and radial electromagnetic force are analyzed to verify the finite element simulation. Analytical analysis.
Thirdly, study the effects of permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of each part of stator core structure. Modal calculation of single ring type electromechanical analogy method modal stator iron core structure is given. The stator core and windings are considered as anisotropic composite materials, determine the parameters of the structure in each direction of stator core are established respectively. With the stator winding iron core, and the whole system, adding a shell and an end cover of the multiple 3D structure model, the finite element modal analysis using ANSYS, the various parts of the motor stator structure influence on modal, the modal shapes and modal frequency of the corresponding, to provide reference and basis for the vibration stress study on the motor.
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本文编号：1641728