微网逆变电源控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 05:30

本文选题：微网　切入点：逆变电源　出处：《浙江工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于传统能源面临着严重的环境污染和能源危机,基于太阳能、风能等可再生能源的分布式发电技术受到了人们越来越多的研究,而大量分散的分布式发电单元的多点接入对大电网带来了很大的负面影响,于是微网控制技术应运而生,微网将微电源和负荷连接起来,形成一个可控的、能独立孤岛运行和并网运行的微型电网,微网代表者电力系统的新的发展方向,是当前研究的热点。本文主要研究了微网逆变电源的控制策略,借鉴同步发电机的控制思想对逆变电源进行控制,使得逆变器模拟了同步发电机的大惯性、高输出阻抗、带负载能力强的特点。主要内容如下：(1)对微网的研究背景、国内外研究现状进行了概括性地阐述。(2)分析了微网现有的逆变电源控制策略,分别介绍了微源的下垂控制、PQ控制、V/f控制,指出了微网在不同的运行模式下逆变电源应采用不同的控制策略,分析对比逆变器与同步发电机的特性,在此基础上提出了基于虚拟同步发电机思想的控制策略。(3)对同步发电机进行数学建模,并把推导出的同步发电机的模型作为逆变器虚拟同步发电机算法的数学模型,给出了虚拟同步发电机算法的具体实现；分析了逆变器虚拟同步发电机的主电路以及各主要变量之间的关系,给出了主电路的等效控制结构框图；并详细的分析了采用虚拟同步发电机算法之后逆变器的等效输出阻抗。(4)借鉴传统电力系统中同步发电机的调速器和励磁控制器的工作原理,设计了逆变器的功频调节器和电压调节器,给出了逆变器控制系统的整体结构。(5)在MATLAB/Simulink环境下搭建了微网仿真模型,对逆变电源独立带载以及投切负载运行的输出特性进行了仿真,并重点分析了关键参数的改变对输出特性的影响。仿真结果验证了虚拟同步发电机思想的正确性以及操作的可行性。
[Abstract]:Because traditional energy is facing serious environmental pollution and energy crisis, distributed power generation technology based on solar, wind and other renewable energy has been more and more studied. But the multi-point connection of a large number of distributed generation units has a great negative impact on the large power grid, so the micro-grid control technology emerges as the times require, and the micro-grid connects the micro-power source and the load to form a controllable one. Micro-grid, which can operate independently and grid-connected, represents a new direction of development of power system, which is the focus of current research. In this paper, the control strategy of micro-grid inverter power supply is mainly studied. The inverter simulates the characteristics of large inertia, high output impedance and strong load capacity of synchronous generator. The main contents are as follows: 1) the research background of microgrid. The current research situation at home and abroad is summarized. (2) the control strategy of microgrid inverter power supply is analyzed, and the droop control of microsource PQ control is introduced, and the V / F control is introduced. It is pointed out that different control strategies should be adopted for the inverter power supply in different operation modes of microgrid, and the characteristics of inverter and synchronous generator are analyzed and compared. On this basis, a control strategy based on the idea of virtual synchronous generator is proposed to model the synchronous generator, and the derived model of the synchronous generator is regarded as the mathematical model of the algorithm of the inverter virtual synchronous generator. The realization of the algorithm of the virtual synchronous generator is given, the main circuit of the inverter virtual synchronous generator and the relationship between the main variables are analyzed, and the equivalent control structure block diagram of the main circuit is given. The equivalent output impedance of inverter using virtual synchronous generator algorithm is analyzed in detail. (4) the working principle of governor and excitation controller of synchronous generator in traditional power system is used for reference. The power frequency regulator and voltage regulator of the inverter are designed. The overall structure of the inverter control system is given. (5) the simulation model of the microgrid is built under the environment of MATLAB/Simulink. The output characteristics of independent load and switching load operation of inverter power supply are simulated. The influence of the key parameters on the output characteristics is analyzed, and the simulation results verify the correctness of the idea of virtual synchronous generator and the feasibility of operation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM464

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