索塔式风力发电塔架设计及优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 17:31

本文选题：脉动风　切入点：索塔式塔架　出处：《内蒙古科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：塔架是风力发电机组的主要支撑装置，确保其安全可靠尤为重要。目前国际风电市场普遍采用锥台型塔筒，然而随着风电机组日趋大型化，锥台型塔筒性价比变低且运输不便问题突显，因此，研究新型塔架结构具有重要的理论意义及工程实用价值。本文以内蒙古武川风电场为背景，针对塔架风荷载进行模拟，计算了塔架在脉动风和稳态风作用下的风振响应，经二者对比分析，选择适用于索塔式塔架设计的合理风荷载计算方法。此外，，以该风场1.5MW风电塔架为基础，首先设计相同条件下的1.5MW索塔式风力发电塔架，并采用ANSYS一阶优化方法对其进行优化。最后对索塔式风力发电塔架与锥台型塔架进行综合对比分析。研究结果表明：采用线性滤波法模拟得到的风速功率谱与目标功率谱基本吻合，线性滤波法模拟风荷载精确可行。基于时程分析的塔架最大应力和塔顶位移与按规范计算的结果相比，在额定工况下分别增大1.36倍和1.05倍，在暴风工况下分别增大1.47倍和1.31倍，说明采用时程分析法计算风荷载时塔架设计更安全，模拟得到的风荷载能为索塔式塔架的设计提供依据。针对索塔式风力发电塔架设计，拉索的优化更为重要，当拉索与地面夹角为35.2°、拉索高度为28.9m、拉索初张力为200kN时，拉索对减小塔底弯矩的贡献最大；拉索对提高塔架刚度效果明显，原锥筒式塔架外安装拉索后塔顶位移减小40%，一阶频率增大19%。同时，通过优化设计，钢材强度利用率提高了36%且塔底直径由4m减小至3.5m。索塔式塔架用钢量相比锥台型塔筒减少15%，基础混凝土用量减少45%，材料造价降低20%。本文索塔式风力发电塔架设计及优化的研究成果，可为大功率索塔式风力发电塔架的设计及推广提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Tower is the main support device of wind turbine, so it is very important to ensure its safety and reliability. At present, conical tower is widely used in the international wind power market, but with the wind turbine becoming larger and larger, The ratio of performance to price of conical tower becomes low and the problem of inconvenient transportation is prominent. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the new tower structure. In this paper, based on the wind farm in Wuchuan, Inner Mongolia, the wind vibration response of the tower under pulsating wind and steady wind is calculated by simulating the wind load on the tower, and the wind vibration response of the tower under the action of pulsating wind and steady wind is calculated. A reasonable wind load calculation method suitable for the design of cable-tower tower is selected. In addition, based on the wind field 1.5MW wind tower, the 1.5MW cable-tower wind power tower under the same conditions is first designed. The first order optimization method of ANSYS is used to optimize the tower. Finally, a comprehensive comparative analysis between the cable tower tower and the cone tower is carried out. The results show that the wind speed power spectrum obtained by linear filtering method is in good agreement with the target power spectrum. The maximum stress and top displacement of the tower based on time-history analysis are 1.36 times and 1.05 times higher than those calculated according to the specifications, and 1.47 times and 1.31 times higher than those under the condition of storm wind, respectively, when the wind load is simulated by the linear filtering method, and the maximum stress and displacement of the tower based on the time-history analysis are increased by 1.36 times and 1.05 times respectively under rated working conditions. The results show that it is safer to calculate the wind load by time history analysis, and the simulated wind load can provide the basis for the design of cable-tower tower. The optimization of cable is more important for the design of cable-tower wind power tower. When the angle between cable and ground is 35.2 掳, the height of cable is 28.9 m, and the initial tension of cable is 200kN, the contribution of cable to reducing the bending moment of tower bottom is greatest, and the effect of cable on improving the stiffness of tower is obvious. The top displacement of the tower is reduced by 40% and the frequency of the first order is increased by 19% after the cable is installed outside the original cone tower. At the same time, by optimizing the design, The steel strength utilization ratio increased by 36% and the bottom diameter decreased from 4m to 3.5m.The steel content of cable tower tower decreased by 15%, the amount of foundation concrete was reduced by 45%, and the material cost was reduced by 20%. In this paper, the research results of the design and optimization of cable tower wind power tower can provide scientific basis for the design and popularization of high power cable tower wind power tower.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM614

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