多相感应电机缺相运行及其控制策略的研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 06:08

本文选题：七相感应电机　切入点：缺相运行　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在交流变频传动系统中,主要的研究理论和实践是以三相调速系统为主,但随着工业水平的发展,人们对调速系统性能要求也越来越高,三相感应电机调速系统不能满足的场合也随之增加,此时多相电机调速系统开始逐步进入人们的视野。多相电机交流调速系统由于其自身结构的特殊性,能够减少电磁转矩脉动,降低谐波损耗,利用低压器件实现电机的大功率输出,但其最独特的地方是在电机发生故障时,系统不用停止运行,降载后可以继续较为稳定的运转。这是传统的三相交流变频调速系统所不能达到的,尤其是在对可靠性要求极高的场合,多相交流变频调速系统的优势就更为突出。本文以七相感应电机为对象对多相感应电机进行研究,在分析七相感应电机自身绕组结构的基础上,根据空间解耦坐标变换理论,推导出七相感应电机空间解耦数学模型,并对其时空谐波磁动势进行数学推导,给出了时空谐波分布的表达式。其次针对多相电机缺相运行情况,建立其缺相时的电机数学模型；对电机正常运行时的空间电压矢量和缺相时的空间电压矢量进行对比分析,并给出缺相情况下的电磁转矩数学表达式。在MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件下,对电机正常运行和缺相运行下的控制系统进行仿真建模和验证,仿真结果验证了各个性能参数的变化情况。然后本文针对七相电机缺相情况,基于磁动势不变原则,介绍了电流幅值最小的MMF不变补偿控制方法和定子铜耗最小的MMF不变补偿控制方法,对磁势补偿控制采用电流滞环调节器进行仿真验证；在此基础上,给出基于有效作用时间载波型SVPWM的转子磁场定向矢量控制方法,该法能够保证缺相前后的转子磁链为圆形,同时减小定子电流谐波。理论分析和仿真结果表明,磁势补偿控制和矢量控制方法均能有效控制电机缺相运行,但矢量控制效果更佳。最后设计七相感应电机调速系统实验平台,阐述了硬件电路的主电路、主控板以及驱动电路结构,运用C语言在CCS3.3软件平台下编写控制系统的程序,并对实验结果进行详细分析。仿真和实验结果验证了本文控制算法的正确性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In the AC frequency conversion drive system, the main research theory and practice is the three-phase speed regulation system, but with the development of industrial level, the performance of the speed regulation system is more and more demanding. The number of occasions in which the three-phase induction motor speed regulating system can not be satisfied also increases with it. At this time, the multi-phase motor speed regulation system begins to enter the people's field of vision step by step. The multi-phase motor AC speed regulation system has its own structure particularity. It can reduce the electromagnetic torque ripple, reduce the harmonic loss, and realize the high power output of the motor by using the low-voltage device. But the most unique part of it is that the system does not have to stop running when the motor fails. This is beyond the reach of the traditional three-phase AC variable-frequency speed regulation system, especially in situations where the reliability requirement is very high. The advantages of multi-phase AC variable frequency speed regulating system are even more prominent. In this paper, the multi-phase induction motor is studied by taking the seven-phase induction motor as an object. Based on the analysis of the winding structure of the seven-phase induction motor, the theory of spatial decoupling coordinate transformation is used to analyze the winding structure of the seven-phase induction motor. The mathematical model of spatial decoupling of seven-phase induction motor is derived, and its space-time harmonic magnetoEMF is derived, and the expression of space-time harmonic distribution is given. The mathematical model of the motor is established, the space voltage vector in normal operation is compared with the space voltage vector in the absence of phase, and the mathematical expression of electromagnetic torque in the case of vacancy phase is given. Under the MATLAB/Simulink simulation software, The simulation model and verification of the control system under the normal operation of the motor and the non-phase operation are carried out, and the simulation results verify the variation of the performance parameters. Then, aiming at the non-phase condition of the seven-phase motor, this paper bases on the principle of the invariance of the magnetodynamic potential. The MMF invariant compensation control method with minimum current amplitude and the MMF invariant compensation control method with minimum stator copper loss are introduced. The magnetic potential compensation control is verified by the current hysteresis regulator. A rotor flux oriented vector control method based on effective time carrier SVPWM is presented. The method can guarantee the rotor flux to be circular before and after the phase gap and reduce the stator current harmonics. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the rotor flux is circular. Both the magnetic potential compensation control and vector control can effectively control the motor running without phase, but the vector control effect is better. Finally, the experimental platform of the seven-phase induction motor speed regulation system is designed, and the main circuit of the hardware circuit is described. The main control board and drive circuit structure are used to program the control system under the CCS3.3 software platform, and the experimental results are analyzed in detail. The simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the control algorithm in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM346

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