有机朗肯循环实验发电系统设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 03:28

本文选题：有机朗肯循环　切入点：发电系统　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代化工业迅速发展，能源短缺成为当今社会面临的核心问题。在此形式下，新能源科学应运而生，其中对于太阳能热发电的研究与应用成为研究热点之一。采用有机工质代替水蒸气的低品位有机朗肯循环系统研究愈发成熟，优势亦愈发凸显，因此在太阳能热发电技术中得到了重要应用。本文首先对于有机朗肯循环的基本形式进行热力学分析，对于以太阳能为热源的有机朗肯循环系统，选择R134a、R245fa、戊烷、MDM及甲苯五种工质，分析了关键参数对于系统热力学性能的影响。经分析发现，提高蒸发压力，蒸发温度和膨胀比均可提高循环效率，而过热度对于循环性能的影响不大。随后在基本循环的基础之上进一步分析了回热式有机朗肯循环系统，分析了其能提高循环效率的原因，对于其中的关键参数也给出了相应的分析。在整体循环分析之后，本文对于循环关键设备之一——冷凝器进行传热过程分析与结构优化计算。将整个换热过程分为冷却段和冷凝段分别进行计算和分析，特别是在冷凝过程中，为了提高计算精度，采用均分干度的方法对传热过程进行计算，以最小换热面积为目标函数进行优化。最后通过MATLAB编程计算之后发现，在过热蒸汽的冷却段换热管管径为0.02m、管程数为2时换热器具有最优结构，而对于冷凝过程，，当换热管管径为0.015m，管程数为2时冷凝器结构为最佳。本文最后设计了槽式太阳能有机朗肯循环发电实验系统，将整个系统分为槽式太阳能集热系统和有机朗肯循环发电系统。对于一回路的集热系统，详细介绍了槽式太阳能集热管，并基于组态王软件对该系统进行画面监控和数据采集。对于有机朗肯循环实验系统，以R245fa为工质，阐述了换热设备的选型和设计依据，最后计算了实验系统的管路特性，根据管路特性进行泵的计算和选型。本文对于有机朗肯循环实验发电系统的设计，工质和热力循环的理论分析，以及关键设备的结构优化计算，为槽式太阳能有机朗肯循环发电系统的设计提供了技术支持，具有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry , energy shortage becomes the core problem facing the society in today ' s society . In this form , the research and application of new energy science has become one of the hot topics .

In this paper , the thermodynamic analysis of the basic form of organic Rankine cycle is carried out firstly . For the organic Rankine cycle system with solar energy as heat source , five types of refrigerants such as R134a , R245fa , pentane , MDM and toluene are selected , and the influence of key parameters on thermodynamic performance of the system is analyzed .

After the whole cycle analysis , the heat transfer process analysis and the structure optimization calculation are carried out for one of the cycle key equipment _ condenser . The whole heat transfer process is divided into cooling section and condensation section respectively . In order to improve the accuracy of calculation , the heat transfer process is optimized by means of the method of equipartition . Finally , the heat exchanger has the optimal structure with the pipe diameter of 0.02m in the cooling section of the superheated steam , and the condenser structure is optimal when the pipe diameter of the heat exchange tube is 0.015m and the number of pipe runs is 2 .

In this paper , the trough - type solar organic Rankine cycle power generation experimental system is designed , and the whole system is divided into a trough type solar heat collection system and an organic Rankine cycle power generation system .

This paper provides technical support for the design , working medium and thermodynamic cycle theory analysis of the organic Rankine cycle experiment power generation system , and the structural optimization calculation of the key equipment , and provides technical support for the design of the trough - type solar organic Rankine cycle power generation system , and has certain reference significance .

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM61;TK124

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