基于无源控制的开关磁阻电机控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 01:10

本文选题：开关磁阻电机　切入点：无源控制　出处：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机驱动系统(Switched Reluctance Drive System,SRD)具有坚固的电机结构,转子无永磁体无绕组,调速范围宽广等优点,在变速驱动领域内被视为常规驱动器的可靠替代品。现阶段开关磁阻电机应用领域主要有电动车辆驱动,牵引电机,飞机起动/发电系统,煤矿石油钻井机械驱动,家用电器等。开关磁阻电机(Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM)具有高度非线性且多变量耦合的电磁特性,如磁链、电感、瞬时转矩等都是与转子位置角和相电流相关的非线性函数,并且存在转矩脉动这一固有缺点。因此,尽管开关磁阻电机机械结构简单,却需要复杂的计算和控制算法。在本文中,提出了一种基于无源控制(Passivity-baesd Control,PBC)的开关磁阻电机控制方法,主要工作如下:首先,基于开关磁阻电机系统的无源性,将电机模型分解为电气无源系统和机械无源系统的负反馈互联。在各种SRM非线性建模技术中选择了一种非线性磁链模型,并在此基础上给出电气子系统的欧拉-拉格朗日方程。接着,设计级联的控制器结构,外环实现转速控制,内环实现转矩控制。在外环上采用单神经元自适应PID速度控制器,以生成参考转矩指令,与常规PID控制器比较,能够实现高性能的速度控制。然后,内环上基于电气子系统的欧拉-拉格朗日方程,采用无源控制方法设计了一个非线性电流反馈控制器,用于产生功率变换器中开关管的触发信号。最后,根据提出的控制方法在SIMULINK下仿真建模验证,结果表明该控制器能使电机有效跟踪给定的转速指令,并能抑制转矩脉动。这一非线性控制器不同于以信号分析控制角度设计的控制器,而是以能量整形与控制角度设计得到的。该控制器解决了转速/转矩跟踪问题,控制过程遵循以下三步:第一,转速控制器给出参考转矩指令;第二,计算参考电流值以确保转矩跟踪;第三,基于无源控制的电压PWM控制器实现电流跟踪控制。其特点在于充分考虑到定子绕组的磁链饱和效应,并且采用转矩分配函数以抑制转矩脉动。设计过程中采用系统无源性及能量耗散性等观点,给出了相应电压控制律的数学形式,成功将无源控制应用到开关磁阻电机控制中,对开关磁阻电机的新型控制方法研究具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor drive system (Switched Reluctance Drive System, SRD) has a solid structure of motor, permanent magnet rotor winding, wide speed range and other advantages, in the field of variable speed drive is regarded as a reliable alternative to conventional drive. At this stage of the switched reluctance motor used mainly in the field of electric vehicles, traction motor. Aircraft starter / generator system, coal oil drilling machine drive, household appliances. Switched reluctance motor (Switched Reluctance, Motor, SRM) the electromagnetic characteristics of highly nonlinear and multi variable coupling, such as magnetic chain, inductance, the instantaneous torque are with a nonlinear function of rotor position angle and phase current and torque ripple related. The inherent shortcomings. Therefore, although the switch reluctance motor has the advantages of simple mechanical structure, but need to be calculated and the complex control algorithm. In this paper, based on passive control ( Passivity-baesd Control, PBC) of the switched reluctance motor control method, the main work is as follows: firstly, the passivity of the switched reluctance motor system based on the motor model is decomposed into negative feedback interconnected passive electrical system and mechanical passive system. Choose a nonlinear flux linkage model in various nonlinear SRM modeling technology, and then the Euler given the electrical subsystem based on the Lagrange equation. Then, the controller structure design of cascade, the outer ring to achieve speed control, torque control loop. The single neuron adaptive PID controller in the outer loop, the reference torque command to generate, compared with the conventional PID controller can achieve high performance speed control. Then, the inner ring on the Euler Lagrange equation based on the electrical subsystem, using passive control method to design a nonlinear current feedback controller is used to generate power The converter switches in the trigger signal. Finally, according to the proposed control method under the SIMULINK simulation model validation, the results show that the controller can make the motor effectively track the given speed command, and can suppress torque ripple. The nonlinear controller is different from the signal analysis controller to control the angle of design, but the design of energy shaping and the control angle obtained. The controller solves the speed / torque tracking control problem, process the following three steps: first, the speed controller gives the reference torque command; second, calculating the reference current value to ensure the torque tracking; third, passive voltage PWM controller to realize the control of current tracking control based on its characteristics is to fully take into account the flux the stator winding of the saturation effect, and the torque distribution function to suppress the torque ripple. The system is passive and energy dissipation of the design process The mathematical form of corresponding voltage control law is given. The application of passive control to switched reluctance motor control is of great significance for the research of new control method of switched reluctance motor.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM352

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