噻吩类有机染料和电催化材料在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-04-11 22:09

本文选题：染料敏化太阳能电池 + 染料　；参考：《复旦大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：染料敏化太阳能电池是一种新型、无污染的清洁能源,其成本低、制作工艺简单、光电转换效率较高,引起了全世界科研工作者的广泛关注。本论文合成三个体系的新型染料作为光敏剂、导电聚合物和掺杂石墨烯材料作为对电极应用于染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC),主要的研究内容和结果如下：(1)设计并合成了两个基于二苯并噻吩π桥,三苯胺电子给体,腈基乙酸电子受体的染料。烷基链的存在能有效的抑制染料聚集和电荷复合,从而提高了开路电压。(2)设计并合成了两个基于4,8-二噻吩苯并[1,2-b：4,5-b']二噻吩的同分异构体染料,在其垂直的两个方向分别构建交叉共轭化合物。研究发现,电荷在平行苯并二噻吩(I2)方向的传输强度要远远大于垂直苯并二噻吩(I1)方向的传输。因此,I2的短路电流和光电转换效率比I1都要高。(3)设计并合成了三个以烷氧基链相连的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)衍生物作为π共轭桥的同分异构体的双D-π-A染料,太阳能电池的性能依赖于EDOT中烷氧基的连接位置。在这三种异构体当中,H1(两个烷氧基的连接位点都靠近给体)表现出最高的效率(8.06%),H2(一个烷氧基的连接位点靠近给体,一个烷氧基的连接位点靠近受体)具有较低的效率,H3(两个烷氧基的连接位点都靠近受体)具有最低的效率。(4)合成了一种带有双功能基团的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)衍生物,通过电化学聚合的方法原位制备了一种具有液晶性质导电聚合物薄膜。分子有序使液晶聚合物膜的载流子迁移率高,因此有较高的电催化活性。当作为阴极材料应用到染料敏化太阳能电池中,获得了8.08%的光电转换效率,同比条件下,铂阴极的光电转换效率为7.69%。(5)合成了一种N,B-掺杂的石墨烯应用于染料敏化太阳能电池,该石墨烯具有较高的比表面积和较高的电催化活性。其电催化活性随着掺杂B元素的掺杂含量的增加而增加,当达到一定量后,随着B元素的掺杂含量的增加而减小。最好的掺杂石墨烯对电极获得了8.09%的光电转化效率,同比条件下,铂阴极的光电转换效率为7.54%。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cells are a new type of clean energy without pollution. They have the advantages of low cost, simple fabrication process and high efficiency of photoelectric conversion, which have attracted the attention of researchers all over the world.In this paper, three new dyes were synthesized as Guang Min.Conductive polymers and graphene doped materials are used as counter electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) two electron donors based on dibenzothiophene 蟺 bridge and trianiline were designed and synthesized.A dye used as an electron receptor for nitrile acetic acid.The existence of alkyl chain can effectively inhibit dye aggregation and charge recombination, thus increasing the open circuit voltage. 2) two isomer dyes based on 4N 8 dithiophene benzo [1n 2 b: 4 n 5 b'] dithiophene have been designed and synthesized.Cross conjugate compounds were constructed in their perpendicular directions.It is found that the transport intensity of charge in the parallel direction of benzodithiophene I _ (2) is much higher than that in the vertical direction of benzodithiophene I _ (1).Therefore, the short circuit current and photoelectric conversion efficiency of I2 are both higher than that of I1.) three D- 蟺 -A dyes of isomers with alkoxyl chains connected by 3- 4-ethyldioxothiophene EDOT-) were designed and synthesized as 蟺 -conjugated isomers.The performance of solar cells depends on the connection position of alkoxy groups in EDOT.Of the three isomers, the H 1 (where the two alkoxyl groups are close to the donor) exhibits the highest efficiency of 8.06% H 2 (one alkoxy site near the donor).A alkoxy group with a binding site close to the receptor has a lower efficiency (both alkoxy sites are close to the receptor) and has the lowest efficiency. An EDOT derivative with a bifunctional group has been synthesized.A conductive polymer film with liquid crystal property was prepared by electrochemical polymerization in situ.The molecular ordering results in high carrier mobility of liquid crystalline polymer films and therefore has high electrocatalytic activity.When used as cathode material in dye sensitized solar cells, the photoconversion efficiency of 8.08% was obtained, and the photoconversion efficiency of platinum cathode was 7.69.5) a new kind of graphene doped with NB- was synthesized for dye sensitized solar cells.The graphene has high specific surface area and high electrocatalytic activity.The electrocatalytic activity increases with the increase of doping content of B element, and decreases with the increase of doping content of element B when a certain amount is reached.The photoconversion efficiency of the best doped graphene electrode is 8.09%, and the photoconversion efficiency of platinum cathode is 7.54%.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

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