基于V2G技术的电动汽车充电站与电网接入技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 21:34

本文选题：V2G + 电动汽车充电站　；参考：《燕山大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类工业化进程加快所带来的资源紧张和环境污染问题日益严重。普通燃油汽车产生的尾气是城市污染的主要来源，同时燃油汽车使用了大量的石油资源。在人们环保和节能意识越来越强烈的今天，低碳交通运输的发展已经成为了当今所面临的重要问题。在这种条件下，电动汽车应运而生。电动汽车环保、清洁、无(低)污染物排放，代表了未来新能源汽车的主要发展方向。基于V2G(Vehicle to Grid)技术的电动汽车充电站实现了电网与电动汽车的能量双向互动，当车载电池组电量不足需要充电时，能量从电网流向电动汽车，当电动汽车处于停驶状态时，可以把车载电池组中的电能回馈给电网，提高了能量的利用率。本文首先介绍了V2G技术的背景和发展现状，阐述了V2G的含义和功能、充电站的结构组成及作用和充电机的发展现状。论文对充电站汽车动力电池进行了介绍，讨论了电池的充放电原理和充放电方法，研究了充电站的电气结构、配电系统和移峰填谷控制策略的实现。对电动汽车充电站的主电路拓扑进行选择，建立了实现V2G功能的充放电机基本模型(三相电压型PWM入网变流器和双向DC/DC变换器)，设计了充放电控制系统的调节器，研究阶段充电、恒流充放电和快速充电方式，同时对充电机两台并联运行情况以及电网单相短路故障时的放电过程进行研究，利用MATLAB/Simulink软件进行了仿真分析。该设计方案实现了电网和电动汽车动力电池组之间的能量双向流动，同时保证了网侧电流正弦波，抑制电流谐波，，使功率因数近似为1。最后，在理论仿真研究的基础上，论文对充放电机实验装置的硬件部分进行设计，对主要元器件等进行选择，制作了一台样机，通过在DSP上软件编程实现整体系统的控制方案，进行了充放电实验研究，对控制策略进行了验证。
[Abstract]:The shortage of resources and environmental pollution caused by the acceleration of human industrialization are becoming more and more serious.The exhaust produced by ordinary fuel vehicles is the main source of urban pollution, and fuel vehicles use a lot of oil resources.With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and energy conservation, the development of low-carbon transportation has become an important issue.Under this condition, electric vehicle arises at the historic moment.Electric vehicle environmental protection, clean, no (low) pollutant emissions, represents the future of the main development direction of new energy vehicles.The electric energy in the battery pack can be fed back to the power grid and the energy utilization rate can be improved.This paper first introduces the background and development status of V2G technology, expounds the meaning and function of V2G, the structure and function of charging station and the development status of charger.In this paper, the charging and discharging principle and the charging and discharging methods of the charging station are introduced, and the electric structure of the charging station, the distribution system and the control strategy of shifting peak and filling valley are studied.The main circuit topology of charging station of electric vehicle is selected, the basic model of charging and discharging machine is established to realize the function of V2G (three-phase voltage source PWM converter and two-way DC/DC converter), the regulator of charge and discharge control system is designed.At the same time, the paper studies the discharge process of two parallel charging machines and the single-phase short-circuit fault of power network. The simulation analysis is carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink software.The design scheme realizes the bidirectional energy flow between the power grid and the electric vehicle battery pack, at the same time ensures the sinusoidal wave of the grid side current, suppresses the current harmonic, and makes the power factor approximate to 1.Finally, on the basis of theoretical simulation, the paper designs the hardware part of the experimental device of charging and discharging machine, selects the main components and makes a prototype, and realizes the control scheme of the whole system by software programming on DSP.Charge and discharge experiments were carried out, and the control strategy was verified.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U469.72;TM910.6

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