10kV高压混合式负荷开关的研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 17:53

本文选题：混合式 + 负荷开关　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：10kV输配电线路上负荷开关已经大范围替代传统断路器充当控制设备和保护设备使用。论文对基于无功补偿的混合式负荷开关进行深入研究,包括无功补偿方法的分析、基于无功补偿的混合式负荷开关的原理分析、混合式负荷开关的硬件设计、负荷开关控制电磁铁的分析与建模和基于小波神经网络的电磁铁的控制技术。通过对切换电容器无功补偿负荷开关的工作原理和时序分析,提出将二极管作为无触头开关与传统负荷开关的机械触头并联组成混合式负荷开关,以实现负荷开关的无弧切换,即正常工作时由机械开关承担负载电流,开关瞬间由二极管处理瞬态电流。利用混合式负荷开关替代传统断路器来投切并联电容器,可以有效的降低投切并联电容器组的资金投入,同时减小投切过程中对电网造成的冲击电流,并通过Matlab仿真加以验证。根据混合式负荷开关的特点,将双断口断路器的操作机构和负荷开关的隔离断口结构相结合,设计一种新型的混合式负荷开关的双断口结构。进一步地,设计了混合式负荷开关的控制系统,包括单片机最小系统、电压电流信号检测系统、电磁机构控制系统、混合式负荷开关的显示系统及按键操作系统。同时,分别从硬件和软件两方面考虑混合式负荷开关的抗干扰设计,提高混合式负荷开关的可靠性。分析长行程推拉螺管式直流电磁铁的特点,提出了一种分段直流电磁铁方案。将传统的直流电磁铁进行分段设计并分析,发现分段式设计可以有效的提高直流电磁铁的性能、减小直流电磁铁的体积和直流电磁铁稳态损耗,同时还可以通过分段控制实现直流电磁铁的推拉运动。进一步地,应用Ansoft电磁场仿真软件建立分段式直流电磁铁的电磁场与机械运动的瞬态耦合场仿真模型,通过仿真优化了分段直流电磁铁的结构和控制设计,同时通过软件仿真验证了分段直流电磁铁设计的可行性。最后,为了减小电磁铁动作时间分散性对混合式负荷开关的影响,将小波神经网络引入直流电磁铁的控制系统。采用单步预测方法,提高小波神经在直流电磁铁动作时间预测的准确性。进一步地,通过dsPIC33F系列单片机实现小波神经网络预测算法,验证了小波神经网络在直流电磁铁动作时间预测的可行性,为这类预测研究建立了理论基础。
[Abstract]:Load switches on 10kV transmission and distribution lines have been widely used instead of traditional circuit breakers as control and protection equipment.In this paper, the hybrid load switch based on reactive power compensation is deeply studied, including the analysis of reactive power compensation method, the principle analysis of hybrid load switch based on reactive power compensation, and the hardware design of hybrid load switch.Analysis and modeling of load switch control electromagnet and control technology of electromagnet based on wavelet neural network.Based on the analysis of the working principle and timing of the switching capacitor reactive compensation load switch, a hybrid load switch is proposed by using the diode as the mechanical contact of the non-contact switch and the traditional load switch in parallel, so as to realize the no-arc switching of the load switch.In other words, the load current is assumed by the mechanical switch during normal operation, and the transient current is handled by the diode instantly.Using hybrid load switch instead of traditional circuit breaker to switch shunt capacitor can effectively reduce the investment of shunt capacitor bank and reduce the impulse current caused by switching process. The simulation results are verified by Matlab.According to the characteristics of hybrid load switch, a new type of double break structure of hybrid load switch is designed by combining the operation mechanism of double break circuit breaker with the isolated fracture structure of load switch.Furthermore, the control system of hybrid load switch is designed, including single chip microcomputer minimum system, voltage and current signal detection system, electromagnetic mechanism control system, display system of hybrid load switch and key operating system.At the same time, the anti-interference design of the hybrid load switch is considered in both hardware and software to improve the reliability of the hybrid load switch.This paper analyzes the characteristics of long stroke push-pull snail type DC electromagnet, and puts forward a piecewise DC electromagnet scheme.The traditional DC electromagnet is designed and analyzed. It is found that the segmented design can effectively improve the performance of DC electromagnet and reduce the volume of DC electromagnet and the steady loss of DC electromagnet.At the same time, the push-pull motion of DC electromagnet can be realized by subsection control.Furthermore, the transient coupling field simulation model between the electromagnetic field and mechanical motion of the segmented DC electromagnet is established by using the Ansoft electromagnetic field simulation software. The structure and control design of the segmented DC electromagnet are optimized by simulation.At the same time, the feasibility of the design of subsection DC electromagnet is verified by software simulation.Finally, in order to reduce the influence of the dispersion of electromagnet action time on the hybrid load switch, wavelet neural network is introduced into the DC electromagnet control system.The single step prediction method is used to improve the accuracy of wavelet neural prediction in DC electromagnet action time prediction.Furthermore, the prediction algorithm of wavelet neural network is realized by dsPIC33F series single-chip computer, which verifies the feasibility of wavelet neural network in predicting the action time of DC electromagnet, and establishes the theoretical foundation for this kind of prediction research.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM564.2

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