300MW机组脱硫系统能效分析及其优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 17:35

本文选题：300MW机组 + 脱硫系统　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：从2003年以来,我国环保工作取得了很大的成绩,但我国的能源结构主要以煤炭为主,且能耗随着国家经济发展而日趋上涨,导致了大气污染物排放总量仍然高企。为此,《国家环境保护“十二五”规划》提出主要污染物二氧化硫排放总量减少8%,燃煤火力发电厂综合脱硫效率提高到93%以上要求。另一方面,我国各种能源储藏量并不丰富,实际上石油和天然气人均剩余可采储量不足世界平均水平的10%,煤炭占比例多一些,但人均剩余可采储量仍然达不到世界平均水平;为节约能源,国家从上世纪80年代开始提出了节能发展的方针,开始制定节能方面的法律和法规,2000年之后,新《节约能源法》将“节能”定为我国的基本国策,节能工作已成为中国全员必须参与的事情。环保和节能都是基本国策,但在开展过程中常常产生相矛盾,增加脱硫效率同时容易带来能耗的增加,违反国家节能控制的大方向,同时增加发电企业生产成本,给发电企业经营带来巨大的压力。所以,在满足国家减排要求的时候必须考虑节能优化研究,争取采用最节能的方式进行环保提效改造和运行。本文以某电厂300MW机组脱硫系统为研究对象,剖析系统构成、分析影响系统能耗和脱硫效率的主要影响因素、研究节能和提高脱硫效率的途径,对该机组按照国家环保要求提高脱硫效率改造方案进行提效和节能协同优化研究,并在改造后开展了节能优化运行研究,取得了如下成果:(1)在提效改造前通过节能协同优化研究,选定了能保证达到环保要求且最为节能的改造方案。改造实施后委托了权威第三方性能测试,结果表明:在负荷高于设计满负荷值10%,入口SO2浓度高于设计值32%,同样的石灰石消耗量的情况下,脱硫效率仍然达到了95.45%,比设计的91%脱硫效率高4.45%,也高于政府“十二五”规划要求的93%。(2)在提效改造工程完成后,对脱硫系统进行了节能优化运行研究,实施停运部分浆液循环泵、停运GGH低泄漏风机,以及停运除雾器冲洗水泵方案。数据显示:经过节能优化运行后,每年最多可以节能电能2783168.25kW,如果按照每千瓦电能上网电价0.47元/千瓦时计算,则每年最多可以节省企业成本约1308089元。
[Abstract]:Since 2003, China has made great achievements in environmental protection work, but the energy structure of our country is mainly coal, and the energy consumption is increasing with the development of national economy, which leads to the high emission of atmospheric pollutants.Therefore, the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Environmental Protection proposed that the total emission of sulfur dioxide, a major pollutant, should be reduced by 8%, and the comprehensive desulfurization efficiency of coal-fired power plants should be raised to more than 93%.On the other hand, China is not rich in all kinds of energy reserves. In fact, the per capita remaining recoverable reserves of oil and natural gas are less than 10 percent of the world average, and the proportion of coal is more, but the per capita remaining recoverable reserves are still not up to the world average.In order to save energy, the state began to put forward the policy of energy conservation development in the 1980s, and began to formulate laws and regulations on energy conservation. After 2000, the new Energy Saving Law made "energy conservation" the basic national policy of our country.Energy-saving work has become the whole of China must participate in the matter.Environmental protection and energy conservation are basic state policies, but in the process of development, there are often contradictions. Increasing desulfurization efficiency will easily bring about an increase in energy consumption at the same time, which violates the general direction of national energy conservation control and increases the production costs of power generation enterprises.It brings great pressure to power generation enterprises.Therefore, to meet the national emission reduction requirements, we must consider energy conservation optimization research, and strive to use the most energy-saving way to improve environmental protection and operation.This paper takes the desulfurization system of 300MW unit in a power plant as the research object, analyzes the composition of the system, analyzes the main factors affecting the energy consumption and desulfurization efficiency of the system, and studies the ways to save energy and improve the desulfurization efficiency.According to the requirements of national environmental protection, the improvement of desulphurization efficiency was carried out to improve the efficiency and the coordinated optimization of energy saving was carried out, and the optimized operation of energy saving was carried out after the revamping.The following results are obtained: 1) by means of energy saving cooperative optimization research before improving the efficiency, the transformation scheme which can guarantee the environmental protection and save energy is selected.After the transformation was carried out, an authoritative third party performance test was commissioned. The results show that when the load is higher than the design full load value 10, the inlet SO2 concentration is higher than the design value 32 and the limestone consumption is the same.The desulphurization efficiency is still 95.455.The desulfurization efficiency is 4.45% higher than the designed 91% desulphurization efficiency, and it is also higher than the government's "12th Five-Year Plan" plan (93.f2) after the completion of the efficiency improvement project, the energy saving optimization operation of the desulfurization system and the implementation of the suspended partial slurry circulating pump have been carried out.Outage GGH low-leakage fan, and stop-off demister washing pump scheme.The data show that the maximum energy saving power can be 2783168.25kW per year after optimized operation. If calculated according to the electricity price of 0.47 yuan / kilowatt hour per kilowatt-hour, the enterprise cost can be saved about 1308089 yuan per year at most.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X773

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