基于DSP的开关磁阻电机调速系统的设计

发布时间：2018-04-25 22:00

本文选题：开关磁阻电机 + 开关磁阻电机调速系统　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机调速系统(Switch Reluctance Motor Drive,简称SRD)具有结构简单、成本低、可靠性高、效率高、控制灵活等很多优点,在现代的工业控制领域中受到了普遍的关注。由于转子上没有永磁体或绕组,开关磁阻电机具有较高的可靠性,适合应用于恶劣的环境或场合。在性能方面,开关磁阻电机具有频繁正反转、调速性能好、过载能力强、在宽广的调速范围内效率高等优点。近年来,开关磁阻电机的研究取得了显著的进步,并且已经成功应用在家电、电动车、航空等多种领域。本文针对一台5.5kW、三相12/8极的开关磁阻电机,完成了对其调速系统的设计,主要的工作如下：介绍了开关磁阻电机调速系统的发展历史,并对其运行原理、数学模型、性能特点以及发展趋势进行了阐述。提出了开关磁阻电机调速系统的总体框架,同时对开关磁阻电机调速系统主控制电路进行了介绍：以TI公司的高性能、多功能数字信号处理器TMS320F2812作为主控制芯片,设计了TMS320F2812的外围接口电路、电流反馈电路、位置检测电路、PWM输出电路以及控制面板接口电路。功率变换电路在开关磁阻电机调速系统中起到提供电能及开关作用,它的两端分别连接着电源与电机各相绕组,其性能的好坏对开关磁阻电机调速系统性能指标有直接影响。本文对开关磁阻电机调速系统的功率变换电路和驱动电路的设计进行了详细的介绍,通过对常用功率变换电路拓扑结构性能和适用场合的介绍和比较,采用了适合于本系统的不对称半桥式功率变换主电路；并选择了IGBT作为主开关器件,且对其参数进行了计算选型；IGBT驱动电路选择QP12W05KS-37作为驱动芯片；同时设计了IGBT缓冲电路、电流检测电路以及电源电路。开发了开关磁阻电机调速系统控制面板的总体框架,包括可编程逻辑芯片、数码管显示电路、按键控制电路以及通信电路四个部分；对控制面板的核心——可编程逻辑芯片EPM7064AETC进行了介绍；根据数码管的显示原理,设计了数码管显示电路以及选择了ICM7228A作为其驱动芯片,并详细阐述了ICM7228A的几种显示驱动方法；同时设计了按键控制电路和通信电路；最后根据模块化设计给出了控制面板的程序设计方案。按照运行前检查与准备、空载试验和负载试验三个阶段对所开发的开关磁阻电机调速系统进行调试与实验。在现场调试的过程中,逐步解决遇到的问题,最终得到了较好的试验结果,同时证明了本文设计的开关磁阻电机调速系统的正确性。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor speed control system (SRD) has many advantages, such as simple structure, low cost, high reliability, high efficiency, flexible control and so on. Since there are no permanent magnets or windings on the rotor, the switched reluctance motor (SRM) has high reliability and is suitable for use in harsh environments or situations. In terms of performance, switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the advantages of frequent positive and inverse rotation, good speed regulation performance, strong overload ability and high efficiency in a wide range of speed regulation. In recent years, the research of switched reluctance motor (SRM) has made remarkable progress, and has been successfully applied in many fields, such as household appliances, electric vehicles, aviation and so on. In this paper, a 5.5kW, three-phase 12 / 8 pole switched reluctance motor is designed. The main work is as follows: the development history of switched reluctance motor speed regulation system, and its operation principle and mathematical model are introduced. The performance characteristics and development trend are described. The main control circuit of switched reluctance motor speed regulation system is introduced. The main control circuit of switched reluctance motor speed control system is introduced. The multifunctional digital signal processor (TMS320F2812) of TI company is used as the main control chip. The peripheral interface circuit, current feedback circuit, position detection circuit and control panel interface circuit are designed. Power conversion circuit provides electric energy and switch function in switched reluctance motor speed regulation system. Its two ends are connected with each phase winding of power supply and motor respectively. Its performance has direct influence on the performance index of switched reluctance motor speed regulation system. In this paper, the design of power conversion circuit and drive circuit of switched reluctance motor speed regulation system is introduced in detail. The asymmetrical half-bridge power conversion main circuit is adopted, the IGBT is selected as the main switch device, and its parameters are calculated and selected. The QP12W05KS-37 driving circuit is chosen as the driver chip, and the IGBT buffer circuit is designed at the same time. Current detection circuit and power supply circuit. The overall frame of the control panel of switched reluctance motor speed control system is developed, including four parts: programmable logic chip, display circuit of digital tube, key control circuit and communication circuit. The core of the control panel, programmable logic chip (EPM7064AETC), is introduced, according to the display principle of digital tube, the display circuit of digital tube is designed and ICM7228A is selected as its driving chip, and several display and drive methods of ICM7228A are described in detail. At the same time, the key control circuit and communication circuit are designed, and the program of the control panel is given according to the modular design. According to the three stages of inspection and preparation, no-load test and load test before operation, the switched reluctance motor speed regulating system was debugged and tested. In the process of field debugging, the problems encountered are solved step by step, and a good test result is finally obtained, and the correctness of the switched reluctance motor speed regulation system designed in this paper is proved at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM352

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