面向需求响应的电动汽车充放电定价及协调策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 10:33

本文选题：电动汽车 + 需求侧管理　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,全球气候变暖、石油危机不断加剧,给整个世界经济、社会和环境的可持续发展蒙上了阴影。因此发展电动汽车已是大势所趋,加上电动汽车在环保和节能方面的优势使之成为了社会广泛关注的热点问题。而另一方面电动汽车由于在接入电网时表现出较强的随机性和间歇性,对整个电网的稳定和安全运行带来了巨大的挑战。目前大多学者主要关注的电动汽车技术层面的问题,而缺乏对充放电管理行为的研究。合理的充放电管理策略是联系电力公司和电动汽车用户之间的纽带,关系到双方利益的实现,因此在电动汽车管理中凸显了重要的作用,是当前亟待需要研究和解决的问题。鉴于此,本文从运用运筹学、经济学和电力学的相关理论出发,将电动汽车充放电过程中产生的电能作为一个特殊的商品,从需求侧管理的角度入手,分析电动汽车的充放电行为与电力系统之间的关系,并探讨实现二者之间协调运行的手段,从而提高电动汽车运营中电能利用效率。本文的主要内容包括以下几个方面：(1)从充电站设施投资的角度出发,分析了电动汽车充电电价的决策问题。考虑了充电站的建设固定成本和运行变动成本两个方面的因素,并考虑其他一些可变成本的影响,运用需求侧管理的理论和运筹学中的动态优化模型构建了考虑充电站最优分布和电价的模型,设计了相关的算法进行求解,并进行了算例分析和模拟。(2)考虑了V2G环境下电动汽车反向电价的制定决策。从需求侧管理理论出发,构建了基于电动汽车用户和电力公司的利润最大化决策模型,并运用博弈论的方法进行求解,确定了电动汽车用户的电能预存和最优的电力公司回购电价策略。(3)对电动汽车充电与放电的电价之间的协调问题进行了讨论,构建了基于逆向供应技术的电动汽车充放电定价策略,并研究了电动汽车用户与电力公司之间利益的协调问题。该项目的研究为考虑充、放电价间协调关系下的充放电价制定提供了思路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the global warming and oil crisis have cast a shadow over the sustainable development of the whole world economy, society and environment. Therefore, the development of electric vehicles has become the trend of the times, plus the advantages of electric vehicles in environmental protection and energy conservation, which has become a hot issue widely concerned by the society. On the other hand, due to the strong randomness and intermittency of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the power grid, it brings great challenges to the stability and safe operation of the whole power grid. At present, most scholars mainly focus on the technical aspects of electric vehicles, but lack of research on charge and discharge management behavior. Reasonable charge and discharge management strategy is a link between electric power companies and electric vehicle users, which is related to the realization of the interests of both sides. Therefore, it plays an important role in the management of electric vehicles and is an urgent problem to be studied and solved. In view of this, based on the relevant theories of operational research, economics and electricity, the electric energy produced in the process of charging and discharging of electric vehicles is regarded as a special commodity from the point of view of demand-side management. This paper analyzes the relationship between charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicle and power system, and discusses the means to realize the coordinated operation between the two, so as to improve the efficiency of electric energy utilization in the operation of electric vehicle. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects: 1) from the point of view of investment in charging station facilities, this paper analyzes the decision of electric vehicle charging price. Taking into account both the fixed cost of construction and the variable operating cost of the charging station, as well as the effects of other variable costs, Using the theory of demand-side management and the dynamic optimization model in operational research, a model considering the optimal distribution and price of charging station is constructed, and the relevant algorithms are designed to solve the problem. An example is given to analyze and simulate the decision making of electric vehicle reverse electricity price under V2G environment. Based on the theory of demand-side management, a profit maximization decision model based on electric vehicle users and power companies is constructed and solved by game theory. In this paper, the electric energy pre-storage of electric vehicle users and the optimal repurchase price strategy of electric power company are determined. The coordination between charging and discharging price of electric vehicle is discussed. A charging and discharging pricing strategy for electric vehicles based on reverse supply technology is proposed, and the coordination of interests between electric vehicle users and power companies is studied. The research of this project provides a way to determine the charge and discharge price under the coordinated relationship between charge and discharge price.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM73

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