半潜漂浮式风力发电机组仿真技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 23:34

本文选题：半潜漂浮式风电机组 + 建模　；参考：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上风的强度更大且更具持续性，，海上风力发电对新能源的发展具有战略意义。中国、美国、日本等国家的海上风能资源主要分布于深海区域，海上风力发电由浅海走向深海将会是必然的发展趋势。漂浮式风力发电机以其捕获深海风资源的能力而被关注，而半潜漂浮式风电机组又以其较好的结构稳定性、运行的可靠性、移动的灵活性、适合于深海区域等特点最具发展前景。因此，为开发满足运行要求的半潜漂浮式风电机组，对其进行仿真技术研究是必不可少的环节。论文从这一需求从发，对半潜漂浮式风力发电机组展开了系统详细的研究。论文的主要研究内容和成果如下：（1）针对半潜漂浮式风电机组所承载的两类环境载荷，即气动载荷与水动力载荷，分别进行了建模研究。并通过某MW级半潜漂浮式风电机组模型实例，仿真分析了其空气动力学性能随风速变化的特征，以及半潜漂浮式支撑平台水动力载荷受不同海况影响的特征。（2）根据风电机组对不同风速区域捕风性能的要求，对半潜漂浮式风电机组进行了变转矩与变桨距控制策略研究。并通过选择不同类型的风况与海况进行仿真分析，验证了所设计控制策略的可行性。（3）根据海上风电机组设计规范IEC61400-3设计典型载荷工况，对半潜漂浮式风电机组作了发电性能与载荷性能研究，得出了不同海况、风况、极端工况对风电机组发电性能及载荷性能的影响特征。并通过将典型工况下塔基载荷的仿真结果与近海定桩式风电机组仿真结果的对比，得出半潜漂浮式风电机组塔基载荷受漂浮特性影响的一般规律。（4）风电机组采用传统PI变桨距控制存在的“负阻尼”现象对半潜漂浮式风电机组愈发明显，并由此引发了相对较大的发电功率与结构载荷波动。针对这一问题，提出了两种分别基于转速设定值可调的PI变桨距控制策略，和基于多目标优化的LQR控制策略。通过建立Matlab/Simulink模型进行仿真分析，并与基本变桨距控制策略仿真结果进行比较，验证了所提出两种改进控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:The intensity of offshore wind is stronger and more sustainable, and offshore wind power generation is of strategic significance to the development of new energy. The offshore wind energy resources of China, the United States, Japan and other countries are mainly distributed in the deep sea area, and offshore wind power generation from shallow to deep sea will be the inevitable development trend. Floating wind turbines are concerned for their ability to capture deep-sea wind resources, while semi-submersible floating wind turbines have better structural stability, operational reliability and mobility. Suitable for deep-sea areas and other characteristics of the most promising development. Therefore, in order to develop semi-submersible floating wind turbine, it is necessary to study its simulation technology. From this point of view, the system of semi-submersible floating wind turbine is studied in detail in this paper. The main contents and achievements of the thesis are as follows: 1) two kinds of environmental loads, that is, aerodynamic load and hydrodynamic load, which are carried by semi-submersible floating wind turbine are studied separately. Based on a model example of a MW class semi-submersible floating wind turbine, the characteristics of its aerodynamic performance varying with the wind speed and the influence of different sea conditions on the hydrodynamic load of the semi-submersible floating support platform are simulated and analyzed. 2) according to the requirements of wind capture performance in different wind speed regions, the variable torque and pitch control strategies of semi-submersible floating wind turbine are studied. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by selecting different types of wind and sea conditions. According to the IEC61400-3 design code for offshore wind turbine, the generation performance and load performance of semi-submersible floating wind turbine are studied, and different sea conditions and wind conditions are obtained. The influence of extreme working conditions on generation performance and load performance of wind turbine. By comparing the simulation results of tower foundation loads under typical operating conditions with those of offshore fixed pile wind turbines, the general law that the basic loads of semi-submersible floating wind turbines are affected by floating characteristics is obtained. (4) the "negative damping" phenomenon of traditional Pi variable pitch control for wind turbine is becoming more and more obvious for semi-submersible floating wind turbine, which leads to relatively large fluctuation of power generation and structural load. In order to solve this problem, two kinds of Pi pitch control strategies based on adjustable rotational speed and LQR control strategy based on multi-objective optimization are proposed. The effectiveness of the two improved control strategies is verified by establishing the Matlab/Simulink model and comparing the simulation results with those of the basic variable pitch control strategy.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM315

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