基于开放绕组的无刷谐波励磁同步电机及其控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 18:53

本文选题：开放式绕组 + 同步电机　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机存在励磁磁场不能调节的问题，而传统的中小型电励磁同步电机又存在电刷滑环问题。本文提出了一种新型的基于开放绕组的无刷谐波励磁同步电机，该新原理电机既能方便的进行励磁调节又去除了滑环电刷，具有重要的学术意义与应用价值。论文对基于开放绕组的无刷谐波励磁同步电机进行了系统性的研究，主要包括谐波励磁原理的分析，谐波励磁性能的影响因素，励磁绕组电流脉动的影响，电机内的齿谐波磁场影响，定子电流的控制策略，系统的仿真与实验研究等。首先分析了谐波励磁原理，通过对电机内电枢磁场的理论分析，阐述了谐波绕组感应电动势的产生机理，并对该新型励磁原理进行了有限元分析验证，为后续的研究奠定了理论基础。然后对适于谐波励磁原理运行的电机结构进行研究。在传统电励磁同步电机的结构设计基础上进行改变得到了谐波励磁同步电机，对影响谐波励磁性能的谐波绕组匝数，极弧系数，极靴厚度等因素进行了分析研究。对励磁绕组电流稳态时的波动情况进行了研究，分析了滤波电容对励磁电流的影响。对电机内的齿谐波磁场以及高次谐波磁场的影响进行了理论分析与有限元分析研究，最终优化了电机结构使其更适于谐波励磁原理的运行。针对谐波励磁原理对定子电流的特殊要求，提出了在双功率变换器中间矢量六边形SVPWM调制的基础上进行三次谐波注入的调制策略，并且对定子三次谐波电流采用比例谐振控制，，实现了定子三次谐波电流与定子基波电流的相互解耦控制与三次谐波电流的无静差控制。在理论分析的基础上建立了谐波励磁同步电机及其控制系统的MATLAB仿真模型，仿真结果验证了电机数学模型的正确性以及控制策略的有效性。最后制作了无刷谐波励磁同步电机的样机，并搭建了其控制系统硬件实验平台，对谐波励磁原理以及电机的功率变换与励磁调节进行了实验分析。与理论推导和仿真结果进行对比，实验结果验证了谐波励磁原理的正确性以及所提控制策略的有效性，同时证实了该新原理电机方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the problem that the excitation magnetic field can not be adjusted, while the traditional medium and small-sized electroexcitation synchronous motor has the problem of brush slip ring. In this paper, a new brushless harmonic excitation synchronous motor based on open winding is proposed. The new principle motor can not only easily adjust the excitation but also remove the sliding ring brush, which has important academic significance and application value. In this paper, a systematic study of brushless harmonic excitation synchronous motor based on open winding is carried out, including the analysis of harmonic excitation principle, the influence factors of harmonic excitation performance, and the effect of current pulsation of excitation winding. The influence of tooth harmonic magnetic field, stator current control strategy, system simulation and experimental research. Firstly, the principle of harmonic excitation is analyzed. Through the theoretical analysis of the armature magnetic field in the motor, the mechanism of the induction electromotive force of the harmonic winding is expounded, and the new excitation principle is verified by finite element analysis. It lays a theoretical foundation for further research. Then the structure of the motor which is suitable for the harmonic excitation principle is studied. Based on the structural design of the traditional electrically excited synchronous motor, the harmonic excitation synchronous motor is obtained. The factors affecting the harmonic excitation performance, such as the number of turns of harmonic windings, the coefficient of polar arc and the thickness of pole boots, are analyzed and studied. The fluctuation of excitation winding current in steady state is studied, and the influence of filter capacitance on excitation current is analyzed. The influence of the tooth harmonic magnetic field and the high harmonic magnetic field in the motor is analyzed theoretically and the finite element analysis is carried out. Finally, the structure of the motor is optimized to make it more suitable for the operation of the harmonic excitation principle. According to the special requirement of harmonic excitation principle to stator current, a modulation strategy of third harmonic injection based on intermediate vector hexagonal SVPWM modulation of dual power converter is proposed, and the third harmonic current of stator is controlled by proportional resonance. The mutual decoupling control of the third harmonic current and the fundamental current of the stator and the non-static difference control of the third harmonic current are realized. The MATLAB simulation model of harmonic excitation synchronous motor and its control system is established on the basis of theoretical analysis. The simulation results verify the correctness of the mathematical model and the effectiveness of the control strategy. Finally, the prototype of brushless harmonic excitation synchronous motor is made, and the hardware experimental platform of its control system is built. The principle of harmonic excitation and the power conversion and excitation regulation of the motor are analyzed experimentally. Compared with the theoretical derivation and simulation results, the experimental results verify the correctness of the harmonic excitation principle and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. At the same time, the feasibility of the new principle motor scheme is verified.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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