一种高压、大功率无刷电机功率驱动器的设计

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:14

本文选题：高压 + 大功率　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无刷直流电动机具备快速启动、良好的机械特性,使其在高精度、高性能的机电控制系统中得到了广泛的应用。同时,寿命、可靠性和噪音的优良特性又大大增加了其适用范围。脉宽调制(Pulse Width Modulation—PWM)的定义与其他调制相似,它是指控制有序的一组脉冲的占空比,利用它们得到所需要的电压的连续变化的一种技术。利用此技术控制三相无刷直流电动机,具有较高的效率、更宽的调速范围、并且实现了流经电动机三相的电流大小和方向更精确控制,从而成为电动机驱动器的主流研究方向。闭环反馈是指在可控量与被控量之间,存在着正向控制和负向反馈的相互作用,即可控量通过控制函数控制被控量,同时被控量由反馈函数返回闭环系统的输入端,经与输入信号比较后得到修正值,从而修正系统误差的一种控制方法。若反馈函数返回的值对系统输出起到相减的作用,则称为负反馈;反之,则为正反馈。本文根据三相无刷直流电动机的工作原理和基本特点,设计了一种采用混合工艺封装的三相无刷直流电机控制器。它具有高压、大功率和高效率的优点,具过流保护功能,稳定的零点设计保证了三相无刷直流电动机系统的稳定工作。主要内容为:1.研究在理想情况下,输出功率级同侧桥臂的高低侧控制信号相互之间的关系,提出一种控制高低侧开关管同时开启的方法,避免短暂的“共态导通”造成的输出级烧毁,基于该方法,实现对死区时间的设计。2.研究电路反馈控制的响应速度,以达到较高的控制斜率,基于电流反馈控制回路中误差放大器采用了直流开环设计,解决在控制信号为零点时微小的电压扰动将使其输出达到正向或负向最大,导致控制器控制零点无法稳定的问题。
[Abstract]:Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has been widely used in high precision and high performance electromechanical control system because of its fast starting and good mechanical characteristics. At the same time, the excellent characteristics of life, reliability and noise greatly increase its scope of application. Pulse Width Modulation-PWM is defined as other modulation, which refers to a technique that controls the duty cycle of an ordered set of pulses and uses them to obtain the continuous variation of the required voltage. Using this technology to control three-phase brushless DC motor has higher efficiency, wider speed range and more accurate control of the current size and direction of the three-phase current flowing through the motor, thus becoming the mainstream research direction of motor driver. Closed-loop feedback refers to the interaction of positive control and negative feedback between the controllable variables and the controlled variables, which can control the controlled variables through the control function and return the controlled quantities to the input of the closed-loop system by the feedback function. A control method for correcting the system error is obtained by comparing the correction value with the input signal. If the value returned by the feedback function subtracts the output of the system, it is called negative feedback; conversely, it is positive feedback. According to the working principle and basic characteristics of three-phase brushless DC motor, a controller of three-phase brushless DC motor is designed in this paper. It has the advantages of high voltage, high power and high efficiency, has the function of over-current protection, and the stable zero design ensures the steady operation of the three-phase brushless DC motor system. The main content is: 1. Under ideal conditions, the relationship between the high and low side control signals of the same side of the output power level bridge arm is studied, and a method of controlling the high and low side switch tube to open simultaneously is proposed to avoid the output stage burning caused by the transient "common conduction". Based on this method, the design of dead zone time. 2. 2. The response speed of the circuit feedback control is studied in order to achieve a higher control slope. Based on the current feedback control loop, the error amplifier is designed with a DC open-loop design. To solve the problem that the small voltage disturbance will make the output reach the maximum in positive or negative direction when the control signal is zero, resulting in the controller control zero point can not be stable.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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