含苯并吡喃及二氢噻唑π-桥基的有机染料在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用及电池稳定性影响因素的研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 14:02

本文选题：二氢噻唑 + 苯并吡喃　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：光敏染料作为染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)的核心部分,近年来被广泛研究。由于纯有机光敏染料具有易于合成、摩尔消光系数较高和成本较低等优点,是钌金属配合物光敏染料的理想替代品。大多数有机光敏染料具有D-π-A结构。π-桥基起到连接电子供体和电子受体的作用且对光敏染料的光伏性能具有较大影响。本论文设计合成了3个含苯并吡喃π-桥基和2个含二氢噻唑π-桥基的新型光敏染料,研究了这些染料的光物理和电化学性质。作者将其应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中,研究了染料结构与电池光电性能的关系。含苯并吡喃π-桥基的光敏染料在400-600nm对太阳光具有较强的光谱吸收。CCl系列光敏染料应用于染料敏化太阳能电池获得了较好的光电转换效率,其中以CC103为光敏染料制备的电池获得了7.5%的光电转换效率。对于含二氢噻唑π-桥基的光敏染料,二氢噻唑结构单元和氰基丙烯酸基的协同吸电子作用有效地减小了光敏染料的禁带宽度(乓),使光敏染料对太阳光光谱具有较宽的响应范围(300-800nm)。使用钴电解质,以CC202为光敏染料的电池获得了6.1%的光电转换效率。基于碘电解质,以CC201为光敏染料的电池显示了较好的稳定性。为了更好地探究电池稳定性的影响因素,本论文将以氰基丙烯酸基为电子受体的光敏染料应用于染料敏化太阳能电池,研究了染料降解的具体过程。研究表明,在水和紫外光的共同作用下,染料的吸电子基团氰基丙烯酸基降解为甲酰基,使染料从TiO2表面脱附下来,导致电池效率明显下降。降解产物中甲酰基的氧原子来源于电池中的水。因此,在DSSCs的封装过程中严格控制电池中的含水量及滤除紫外光,保证较好的电池密闭性,会有效提升电池的稳定性和使用寿命。
[Abstract]:Guang Min dyes, as the core part of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), have been widely studied in recent years. Pure organic Guang Min dyes have the advantages of easy synthesis, high molar extinction coefficient and low cost. Most of the organic Guang Min dyes have D- 蟺 -A structure. 蟺-bridged dyes play the role of connecting electron donors and electron receptors and have great influence on the photovoltaic properties of Guang Min dyes. In this paper, three novel Guang Min dyes containing benzopyran 蟺-bridged group and two dihydrothiazole 蟺-bridged dyes were designed and synthesized. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these dyes were studied. The relationship between the dye structure and the photovoltaic properties of the dye sensitized solar cells was studied. Benzopyran 蟺-bridged Guang Min dyes have strong spectral absorption to solar light in 400-600nm. CCL series of Guang Min dyes have been applied to dye sensitized solar cells to obtain better photoelectric conversion efficiency. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the battery prepared with CC103 as Guang Min dye was 7.5%. For Guang Min dyes containing dihydrothiazole 蟺-bridged group, The synergistic electron absorption of dihydrothiazole structure unit and cyanoacrylic group can effectively reduce the bandgap of Guang Min dyes and make the Guang Min dyes have a wide range of response to the solar spectrum of 300-800nm ~ (-1). Using cobalt electrolyte, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the battery with CC202 as Guang Min dye was 6.1%. Based on iodine electrolyte, the battery with CC201 as Guang Min dye showed good stability. In order to better investigate the factors affecting the stability of the cell, Guang Min dye, which is based on cyanoacrylate as the electron receptor, is applied to dye sensitized solar cells, and the specific process of dye degradation is studied in this paper. The results show that the electron-absorbing group cyanoacrylic group of the dye is degraded to formyl group under the combined action of water and ultraviolet light, and the dye is desorbed from the surface of TiO2, which results in the decrease of the efficiency of the battery. The oxygen atom of formyl group in the degradation product originates from the water in the battery. Therefore, strict control of the water content in the battery and the filtering of ultraviolet light in the process of DSSCs packaging can effectively enhance the stability and service life of the battery.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

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