高增益双管升压变换器研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 08:30

本文选题：非隔离 + 高增益　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：出于可靠性和安全性的考虑，将单个光伏电池、燃料电池模块并入电网是当前的研究热点之一。然而单个光伏电池、燃料电池模块的输出电压较低，为了将这些电源并入电网，或者用作不间断电源，需要大幅度提升直流电压等级以满足后级逆变的需要，高增益、高效率直流功率变换技术已经成为这些应用场合的关键技术之一。非隔离型高增益直流变换器略去了DC/AC/DC多级功率变换，在效率上更有优势，此类变换器通常是基于传统Boost变换器衍生而出的。与Boost变换器相比，双管升压变换器在获得更高增益的同时能有效的降低开关管的电压/电流应力，基于双管升压结构衍生出的变换器由于继承了其低应力的特性而将获得更高的变换效率，具有潜在的应用价值。论文首先介绍了理想情况下双管升压变换器的工作原理，随后讨论了变换器在实际应用中，由于电路参数不一致而出现的功率开关管不均压的问题，并提出了一种无源箝位电路实现了开关管的均压以降低其电压应力，提高变换器效率。分析了带有无源箝位电路的双管升压变换器的各项性能，对比传统Boost变换器具体说明其优势。其次，结合开关电感、开关电容等升压单元，提出多开关单元双管升压变换器结构，得到了一系列多开关电感/开关电容组合双管升压变换器，并进一步在开关电感双管升压变换器的基础上，推导出了抽头电感双管升压变换器，简化了电路结构，，提升了变换器的电压增益。给出了各变换器的稳态工作原理及性能分析，对比传统高增益变换器说明其优势，并分别制作了原理样机，进行了相关的实验验证。随后，基于耦合电感升压方式，提出了三绕组耦合电感双管升压变换器方案，在无源箝位拓扑的基础上采用有源箝位软开关技术，实现了功率开关管的零电压开关，减小了开关损耗，分析了各个变换器的稳态工作原理以及变换器的各项参数性能，并分别制作了无源箝位、有源钳位变换器原理样机，进行了相关的实验验证与对比分析。最后，论文提出了输出侧单电容/多电容两大类耦合电感高增益变换器之间互相转化以及单类三绕组耦合电感变换器拓扑自身演绎的方法，并列举了各个电路的工作特性，通过实验，验证了两类耦合电感变换器之间相互转换方法的正确性。结合光伏发电应用背景，基于有源钳位三绕组耦合电感双管升压变换器实现了光伏电池MPPT的功能。论文研究的双管升压变换器不仅实现了电压增益的拓展，有效降低了开关管的电压/电流应力，而且减小了功率器件的损耗，提高了变换效率，具有重要的理论和应用价值。
[Abstract]:For the sake of reliability and safety, it is one of the research hotspots to integrate single photovoltaic cell and fuel cell module into power grid. However, for a single photovoltaic cell, the output voltage of the fuel cell module is relatively low. In order to incorporate these sources into the power grid or to be used as an uninterruptible power supply, the DC voltage level needs to be substantially increased to meet the needs of the backstage inverter, high gain. High efficiency DC power conversion technology has become one of the key technologies in these applications. Non-isolated high-gain DC / DC converters, which usually derive from traditional Boost converters, are more efficient than DC/AC/DC multistage power converters. Compared with the Boost converter, the dual-transistor boost converter can obtain higher gain and reduce the voltage / current stress of the switch effectively. The converter derived from the dual-tube boost structure will have higher conversion efficiency because it inherits the characteristics of its low stress, so it has potential application value. This paper first introduces the working principle of the dual-switch boost converter under ideal conditions, and then discusses the problem of uneven voltage of the power switch due to the inconsistency of circuit parameters in the practical application of the converter. A passive clamping circuit is proposed to reduce the voltage stress and improve the efficiency of the converter. In this paper, the performance of dual-switch boost converter with passive clamping circuit is analyzed, and its advantages are illustrated in detail compared with traditional Boost converter. Secondly, a series of multi-switch inductance / switched capacitor combined dual-transistor booster converters are obtained by combining switching inductance, switching capacitor and other booster units. Furthermore, on the basis of switching inductance dual-transistor boost converter, a tap inductor dual-transistor boost converter is derived, which simplifies the circuit structure and improves the voltage gain of the converter. The steady-state operation principle and performance analysis of the converters are given. Compared with the traditional high-gain converters, the advantages are illustrated, and the principle prototypes are made, and the relevant experiments are carried out. Then, based on the coupling inductor boost mode, a three-winding coupled inductor dual-transistor boost converter is proposed. Based on the passive clamping topology, the active clamp soft switching technique is used to realize the zero-voltage switching of the power switch. The switching loss is reduced, the steady-state operation principle of each converter and the performance of the converter parameters are analyzed, and the prototype of passive clamping and active clamping converter is made, and the relevant experimental verification and comparative analysis are carried out. Finally, the paper presents a method to transform the output side single capacitor / multi capacitor coupling inductance high gain converter to each other and to deduce the topology of the single type three winding coupling inductance converter, and enumerates the working characteristics of each circuit. The correctness of the mutual conversion method between the two kinds of coupled inductance converters is verified by experiments. Based on the application background of photovoltaic power generation, the MPPT function of photovoltaic cell is realized based on active clamping three-winding coupling inductance dual-transistor booster converter. The dual-transistor boost converter studied in this paper not only achieves the expansion of voltage gain, effectively reduces the voltage / current stress of the switch, but also reduces the loss of the power device and improves the conversion efficiency. It has important theoretical and practical value.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM46

【共引文献】