隔爆一体式电机调速系统部分硬件功率设计问题及其控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 11:22

本文选题：隔爆一体式电机 + 电力电子建模　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以教育部创新团队项目、辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目及抚顺煤矿电机制造有限责任公司项目为背景，以1140V/75kW隔爆一体式电机为研究对象，针对煤矿作业空间狭窄及变频调速系统与电机高度集成后带来的驱动系统体积问题、无速度传感器矢量控制转速估计值易受测量参数影响问题、系统成本等问题，开展了隔爆一体式电机调速系统硬件功率设计及转速估计研究。论文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面：为了提高系统集成度，缩减隔爆一体式电机体积及成本，基于电力电子系统建模，对变频调速系统硬件功率部分展开设计。研究一种解析法计算逆变器母线电容参数的方法，对整流输出一个周期内的波形进行详细分析，考虑了电压跌幅、纹波电流、系统稳定性的相互影响，并采用牛顿-拉夫逊法计算母线电容值。给出了输入电流、进线电抗器电压、母线电容电压、母线电容纹波电流、输出电流的仿真与计算方法。针对隔爆一体式电机设计过程中受到体积及温升的制约，准确计算整流器及逆变器损耗对于正确设计隔爆一体式电机调速系统水冷散热器及合理选择IGBT具有重要意义。基于此，提出解析法计算可控整流器、逆变器IGBT损耗的计算方案。在实现过程中，综合考虑了门极驱动电阻、直流母线电压、温度、结温对IGBT损耗的影响。给出了SVPWM调制算法下逆变器IGBT及Diode的导通损耗、开关损耗、总损耗、温差及结温的计算方法。考虑到IGBT损耗与结温相互影响的特点，利用自定义热路模型，提出以环境温度为初始条件的循环迭代算法，最后给出了IGBT结温、壳温及散热器温度曲线。定量分析了直流母线电压、门极驱动电阻、环境温度对整流器及逆变器的损耗及温升计算的影响。在此基础上，设计水冷散热器一台，对隔爆一体式电机主要发热部件进行了损耗计算，并应用温度仿真软件进行热流分析，将仿真与实验进行了对比。对调速系统电流及转速调节器参数进行基于MATLAB与Simplorer/Ansoft协同仿真平台的在线调整，通过程序优化正确的PI调节器参数，为系统实验时PI参数的整定节约时间。基于DSP2812对隔爆一体式电机调速系统进行无速度传感器矢量控制程序设计。针对煤矿电网电压波动大，转速估计过程中采集数据易受测量参数剧烈波动而导致的转速估计误差增大问题，研究采用基于模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波的感应电动机无速度传感器控制策略。通过监视理论残差与实际残差的比值，对测量噪声协方差阵进行递推在线修正，使其逐渐逼近真实噪声水平，从而使滤波器执行最优估计，提升转速估计策略抗测量参数波动的能力，提高估算精度。对隔爆一体式电机进行结构设计，制作1140V/75kW隔爆一体式电机一台。搭建实验平台，分别在空载及负载条件下，对其进行实验研究。主要包括：空载条件下开关特性实验、不同转速、负载转矩下温升实验、PI参数调节实验、速度突然上升、下降、电流突加扰动等转速估计实验等。验证采用本文所提出的方案、设计的隔爆一体式电机的正确性与可行性。
[Abstract]:Based on the innovation team project of the Ministry of education, the innovation team project of the Liaoning provincial education department and the project of the Fushun coal mine motor manufacturing limited liability company, the 1140V/75kW flameproof integrated motor is taken as the research object, and the volume problem of the driving system caused by the narrow coal mine operation space and the integration of the variable frequency speed regulation system and the motor's high degree The speed estimation of the vector control of the degree sensor is easily affected by the influence of the measurement parameters and the system cost. The research on the hardware power design and speed estimation of the flameproof motor speed control system is carried out. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects:
In order to improve the system integration and reduce the volume and cost of the flameproof motor, based on the modeling of the power electronic system, the hardware power part of the variable frequency speed regulation system is designed. A method for calculating the capacitance parameters of the inverter bus is studied. The waveform of the rectifier output is analyzed in a period of time, and the voltage drop is considered. The ripple current, the mutual influence of the stability of the system, and the calculation of the bus capacitance value by Newton Raphson method. The simulation and calculation method of input current, line reactor voltage, bus capacitor voltage, busbar capacitance ripple current and output current are given.
In view of the restriction of the volume and temperature rise in the design of the flameproof motor, it is important for the correct design of the rectifier and the loss of the inverter for the correct design of the water-cooled radiator of the flameproof motor speed regulation system and the rational selection of IGBT. Based on this, an analytical method is proposed to calculate the IGBT loss of the inverter and the inverter. In the process of realization, the influence of gate drive resistance, DC bus voltage, temperature and junction temperature on IGBT loss is taken into consideration. The calculation method of conduction loss, switching loss, total loss, temperature difference and junction temperature of inverter IGBT and Diode under SVPWM modulation algorithm is given. Considering the characteristics of the mutual influence of IGBT loss and junction temperature, a custom heat path is taken into account. A cyclic iterative algorithm with the initial conditions of ambient temperature is proposed. Finally, the IGBT junction temperature, the temperature of the shell and the temperature of the radiator are given. The influence of the DC bus voltage, the gate drive resistance and the ambient temperature on the loss and temperature rise of the rectifier and inverter is quantitatively analyzed. On this basis, a water cooled radiator is designed and the flameproof is designed. The loss calculation of the main heating parts of the integrated motor is carried out, and the heat flow analysis is carried out by using the temperature simulation software. The simulation and experiment are compared.
The on-line adjustment of the MATLAB and Simplorer/Ansoft co simulation platform is carried out on the parameters of the current and speed regulator of the speed regulation system. The parameters of the correct PI regulator are optimized by the program, and the time for the tuning of the PI parameters in the system experiment is saved.
Based on DSP2812, the design of speed sensorless vector control program for flameproof motor speed control system is designed. In view of the large voltage fluctuation of the coal mine power system, the error of speed estimation caused by the strenuous fluctuation of the measured parameters in the process of speed estimation is increased, and the induction power based on fuzzy adaptive Calman filter is studied. By monitoring the ratio of the theoretical residual and the actual residual, by monitoring the ratio of the theoretical residual and the actual residuals, the measurement noise covariance matrix is recursively modified to make it gradually approximate to the real noise level, thus making the optimal estimation of the filter, improving the ability of the speed estimation strategy to resist the fluctuation of the measurement parameters and improving the accuracy of the estimation.
The structure design of the flameproof motor is made and one of the 1140V/75kW flameproof motor is made. The experimental platform is set up. The experimental research is carried out under the condition of load and load. It mainly includes the experiment of the switching characteristic under the condition of empty load, the different speed, the temperature rise experiment under the load torque, the PI parameter adjustment experiment, the sudden rising of the speed. The speed estimation experiments such as reduction, current disturbance and so on, verify the correctness and feasibility of the design of the flameproof integrated motor.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM357

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