分布式电源在中压配电网中的优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 11:43

本文选题：中压配电网 + 分布式电源　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：世界范围内常规能源危机、环境危机和电力危机日益突出,集中式发电大系统的弊端尤为突显。分布式电源是大电网系统的有效补充,大电网系统与分布式电源相结合是未来电力企业改革的方向,也是降低能耗、减少投资、提高系统安全性和灵活性的有效方法。然而,分布式电源的大量接入对中压配电网产生了深远影响,由此必须充分协调分布式电源与大系统之间的矛盾,发挥分布式电源在经济、能源和环境中的优势。尤其是从根源入手,在规划阶段优化分布式电源的接入位置和注入容量,在运行阶段故障信息明确情况下,制定合理的孤岛划分策略,根据负荷特性有针对性地恢复供电,从而提高系统的可靠性,最终达到优化中压配电网的作用。至此,本文的主要内容如下：(1)首先,简要介绍分布式电源的定义、分类及其对中压配电网的影响。通过试验总结分布电源的运行方式、接入位置和注入容量对配电网电压分布和网损的影响；(2)介绍图论相关知识、配电网拓扑分析方法及潮流计算方法。将配电网等效为一个由节点和支路构成的连通图,结合图的矩阵表示方法和树的遍历方式,搜索并存储数据,形成基于分层理论的前推／回代潮流计算方法；接着针对分布式电源在潮流计算中的特殊处理方式,改进并验证潮流计算方法；(3)建立综合协调系统安全性和经济性的优化模型,采用新颖的高斯谷鸟搜索算法优化分布式电源的接入问题。在保证配电网安全稳定的基础上,以考虑发电的环境成本的配电网综合投资成本最小为优化目标,首次引入高斯布谷鸟搜索算法对分布式电源的接入位置和注入容量并行地进行优化。用Benchmark函数测试算法性能,并分别将该算法、原布谷鸟搜索算法和粒子群算法应用于求解IEEE33节点系统的分布式电源接入问题,比对并验证算法优越性；(4)在已知分布式电源接入信息和故障信息情况下,考虑负荷等级和可控程度,采用“搜索+校验”的求解思路制定孤岛划分策略,借孤岛运行提高系统运行可靠性。结合图论中的连通树原理,以分布式电源所接节点为根节点建立连通树模型,将模型中具有最大恢复供电效益的方案设为初始的孤岛划分方案,应用基于分层理论的前推／回代潮流计算方法校验孤岛内电压和功率越限情况,并适当调整孤岛内的功率分配,从而确定最优的优化方案。
[Abstract]:The conventional energy crisis, environmental crisis and power crisis are becoming more and more prominent in the world, and the disadvantages of centralized power generation system are especially prominent. Distributed generation is an effective supplement to large grid system. The combination of large grid system and distributed generation is the direction of future power enterprise reform. It is also an effective method to reduce energy consumption, reduce investment and improve system security and flexibility. However, the large number of distributed power supply has a profound impact on the medium voltage distribution network, so it is necessary to fully coordinate the contradiction between distributed power generation and large systems, and give full play to the advantages of distributed power generation in economy, energy and environment. In particular, starting with the root causes, the access location and injection capacity of distributed power supply are optimized in the planning stage, and when the fault information is clear in the operation phase, a reasonable islanding strategy is formulated to restore the power supply according to the load characteristics. In order to improve the reliability of the system, and ultimately to optimize the role of medium-voltage distribution network. So far, the main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) first of all, the definition and classification of distributed power generation and its influence on medium voltage distribution network are briefly introduced. This paper summarizes the operation mode of distribution power supply, the influence of access location and injection capacity on distribution network voltage distribution and network loss through experiments. It introduces the related knowledge of graph theory, topology analysis method and power flow calculation method of distribution network. The distribution network is equivalent to a connected graph composed of nodes and branches. Combining the matrix representation method of the graph and the tree traversal method, the data are searched and stored, and the forward / backward power flow calculation method based on hierarchical theory is formed. Then, aiming at the special processing mode of distributed power generation in power flow calculation, the optimization model of security and economy of integrated coordination system is established by improving and verifying the power flow calculation method. A novel Gao Si Valley Bird search algorithm is used to optimize the access problem of distributed power supply. On the basis of ensuring the safety and stability of the distribution network, the optimal objective is to minimize the comprehensive investment cost of the distribution network, which takes into account the environmental cost of power generation. Gao Si Cuckoo search algorithm is introduced for the first time to optimize the access location and injection capacity of distributed power supply in parallel. The Benchmark function is used to test the performance of the algorithm, and the algorithm, the original cuckoo search algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm are applied to solve the distributed power access problem of the IEEE33 node system. Comparing with and verifying the superiority of the algorithm, we make the islanding strategy with the consideration of load grade and controllable degree and the idea of "search check" in the case of known access information and fault information of distributed power supply. The operation reliability of the system is improved by island operation. Based on the connected tree principle in graph theory, the connected tree model is established with the node connected by distributed power source as the root node, and the scheme with maximum recovery benefit in the model is set up as the initial islanding scheme. The forward / backward power flow calculation method based on stratification theory is applied to check the voltage and power overrun in the island and adjust the power distribution in the island appropriately to determine the optimal scheme.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM727

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