蓄电池光伏充电及其状态监测系统的研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 03:08

本文选题：光伏系统 + 蓄电池　；参考：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类社会的发展和进步使得我们对能源的需求急剧增长，有限的化石燃料日益枯竭，能源使用对环境的污染日益严重，光伏发电成为一种最具发展前景的技术。在光伏发电系统中蓄电池是发电与用电的一个接口，具有不可替代的作用，而蓄电池失效和寿命都成为阻碍系统推广的原因之一。因此，除了改善蓄电池自身性能之外，针对光伏自身特点改进充电方法使蓄电池充电高效、迅速、无损，和对蓄电池实施状态监测，对于光伏发电系统的推广和智能管理有着十分重要的意义。论文首先研究了光伏电池的特性，，以及蓄电池充电理论，在总结先前研究的基础之上，提出了光伏脉冲电荷转储充电的概念。此种方法根据其储电电容荷电状态实现蓄电池充电过程的充停控制，能有效降低蓄电池充电过程产生的极化和扩散积累的热量，并在弱光照情况下对蓄电池实现有效充电。在状态监测方面，设计了一种基于积分电路的数字式电量监测方法。该方法采用包含霍尔电流传感器检测、积分、脉冲发生、积分电容放电等纯硬件电路实现输出的每个脉冲对应一定的电量，然后使用PIC单片机对脉冲进行统计实现充放电电量的监测。论文中采用PIC18F2550作为充电主控制器搭建光伏充电控制器样机，并设计了一种采用下位机—上位机模式的蓄电池状态监测系统。下位机以PIC18F4550为核心，采集光伏电压、蓄电池工作状态、平均电压、平均电流、及电量等信息并进行上传。上位机采用LabVIEW进行界面设计，完成与下位机通信、数据提取、分析、存储、查询等功能。最终将光伏充电控制器、状态监测系统、蓄电池、负载组成一套光伏实验系统，可以为改进光伏充电控制器控制策略、蓄电池智能管理的相关技术参数提供必要的依据。本文研究受国家自然科学基金项目：基于高频交流技术的分布式可再生能源技术研究(51177050)资助。
[Abstract]:With the development and progress of human society, the demand for energy increases rapidly, the limited fossil fuels are exhausted day by day, and the pollution of the environment is becoming more and more serious. Photovoltaic power generation has become the most promising technology. Battery is an interface between power generation and electricity in photovoltaic power generation system, which can not be replaced. The failure and lifetime of battery become one of the reasons that hinder the popularization of the system. Therefore, in addition to improving the performance of the battery itself, improving the charging method according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic battery can make the battery charge efficient, rapid, non-destructive, and monitor the battery status. It is of great significance for the promotion and intelligent management of photovoltaic power generation system. Firstly, the characteristics of photovoltaic cells and the theory of battery charging are studied. Based on the previous research, the concept of photovoltaic pulse charge storage charging is proposed. This method realizes charging and stopping control of battery charging process according to the charge state of storage capacitor. It can effectively reduce the heat accumulation of polarization and diffusion generated by battery charging process, and can effectively charge the battery under low light irradiation. In the aspect of state monitoring, a digital electric quantity monitoring method based on integral circuit is designed. This method uses pure hardware circuits, such as Hall current sensor detection, integral, pulse generation, integral capacitance discharge, to realize the output of each pulse corresponding to a certain amount of electricity. Then the PIC single-chip microcomputer is used to carry on the statistics to realize the charge and discharge electricity quantity monitoring. In this paper, the prototype of photovoltaic charging controller is built by using PIC18F2550 as the main controller, and a battery condition monitoring system using the mode of lower computer and upper computer is designed. With PIC18F4550 as the core, the lower computer collects and uploads the information of photovoltaic voltage, battery working state, average voltage, average current and quantity of electricity. The upper computer uses LabVIEW to design the interface, and completes the functions of communication, data extraction, analysis, storage, query and so on. Finally, a photovoltaic experimental system composed of photovoltaic charging controller, state monitoring system, battery and load can provide the necessary basis for improving the control strategy of photovoltaic charging controller and the related technical parameters of battery intelligent management. The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China: research on distributed Renewable Energy Technology based on High Frequency AC Technology (51177050).
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615;TM912

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