新编码体制的瞬时测频组件设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-11 03:41

本文选题：瞬时测频 + 编码　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在电子对抗的工程应用中我们把快速测量频率称之为瞬时测频(IFM),它是一种应用广泛、地位十分重要的接收机体制。瞬时测频接收机是能利用很短时间的信号给出信号频率测量的一种接收机体制。由于它同时具有宽开和快速频率测量的性能,在电子对抗中被广泛应用。所有瞬时测频的基础建立于两个方面:一是有一定的微波器件,这种器件的关键是在外部射频信号通过后能将其频率信息提取出来,诸如转化成电流或电压信息;二是编码处理功能,将微波前端提供的信息转换为数字信号进行编码处理,进而得到实际可用的频率信息。干涉仪比相法瞬时测频是经典测频方法的一种,其核心思想是对信号进行频率—相位—幅度的变换,最终由测量到的幅度值反推出其频率值。由于其良好的瞬时性,这种方法在实际的工程中得到了广泛的应用。但是其测频精度做不到很高是该方法的瓶颈问题。本文结合实际工程项目,在干涉比相法瞬时测频原理研究的基础上,进行了瞬时测频方案论证,采用模块化设计方法和FPGA技术,对数字信号处理部分进行了设计,较好地提高了测频精度。论文首先介绍了侦察接收机中测频接收机的分类,并就测频接收机的基本要求和应用作了简要描述,接着对传统的干涉仪比相法IFM的机理和组成作了重点阐述。结合某研制项目的工程化要求,在样机试制前提出了一种利用A/D采样和查表相结合的办法提取频率信息的新编码方法,它利用了器件所能给出的大部分信息,并借助该项目的主要指标设计了一个2GHz~4GHz带宽的IFM组件。过零点比较,然后把直接生成的格雷码转换为二进制码是一种传统的瞬时测频做法,对延迟电缆和相关器要求很高。为了简化接收机的生产过程,满足批量生产的要求,该接收机通过利用A/D采样和查表相结合的方法进行编码,提高了IFM组件的精度,使工作频率范围内的均方根误差控制在3MHz内(全温区),并且在鉴相器数量、印制板尺寸、调试量都明显优于传统电阻环极性量化编码体制的瞬时测频接收机。
[Abstract]:In the engineering application of electronic countermeasure, we call the fast frequency measurement as instantaneous frequency measurement (IFMN), which is a widely used and very important receiver system. Instantaneous frequency measurement receiver is a kind of receiver which can give signal frequency measurement in a very short time. It is widely used in electronic countermeasures because of its wide opening and fast frequency measurement. The basis of all instantaneous frequency measurement is based on two aspects: first, there are certain microwave devices, the key of this device is that the frequency information can be extracted after the external RF signal passes through, such as converting into current or voltage information; The second is the encoding processing function, which converts the information provided by the microwave front end into digital signals for coding and processing, and then obtains the actual available frequency information. The interferometer phase comparison method is one of the classical frequency measurement methods. Its core idea is to transform the signal from frequency, phase and amplitude, and to deduce its frequency value from the measured amplitude. Due to its good transient, this method has been widely used in practical engineering. However, the bottleneck of this method is that the precision of frequency measurement is not very high. In this paper, based on the study of the principle of instantaneous frequency measurement by interferometric phase method, the scheme of instantaneous frequency measurement is demonstrated, and the digital signal processing part is designed by using modular design method and FPGA technology. The accuracy of frequency measurement is improved. In this paper, the classification of frequency measurement receivers in reconnaissance receivers is introduced, and the basic requirements and applications of frequency measurement receivers are briefly described. Then, the mechanism and composition of traditional interferometer phase comparison method (IFM) are described emphatically. According to the engineering requirements of a research project, a new coding method is proposed to extract the frequency information by combining the A- / D sampling and the look-up table before the prototype is trial-produced. It makes use of most of the information that the device can give. A IFM component with 2GHz~4GHz bandwidth is designed with the aid of the main index of the project. Comparing zero-crossing points and converting directly generated Gray codes to binary codes is a traditional instantaneous frequency measurement method which requires high delay cables and correlators. In order to simplify the production process of the receiver and meet the requirements of mass production, the receiver encodes the receiver by using the method of combining Ar / D sampling and table lookup, which improves the accuracy of the IFM module. The RMS error in the operating frequency range is controlled in the 3MHz (full temperature range), and the number of phase detectors, the size of the printed circuit, and the debugging amount are obviously superior to those of the instantaneous frequency measurement receiver based on the traditional resistive loop polarity quantization coding system.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM935.1

【共引文献】