低碳环境下发电优化调度模型与方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 11:19

本文选题：机组组合 + 混合整数二阶锥规划　；参考：《广西大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：考虑低碳环境下的碳交易和碳税政策、权衡鲁棒利润和电价风险、合理制定含风电场发电机组的最优调度方案,以期减少耗煤所排放的二氧化碳、消纳风电波动的影响、降低发电成本,对大力推进节约型社会的建设,促进社会经济效益的进一步提高,具有显著的理论意义和现实价值。然而,极其复杂的低碳政策、电价波动和风电波动等因素,以及它们之间的相互作用,导致现有的相关理论无法有效研究发电优化调度问题。为此,本论文研究了低碳环境下基于成本和利润的机组组合模型求解策略、考虑碳交易和碳税的机组组合建模及求解、计及鲁棒利润和风险价值的发电优化调度模型及求解、风场风电容量的分配方法、以及含风电波动和碳交易的机组组合模型及求解等系列问题。论文共分为六章,第一章为绪论,第二章至第五章为主要研究工作,第六章对全文进行了总结。本文主要研究成果如下：第二章讨论了发电优化调度的基于成本的机组组合模型和基于利润的机组组合模型,并研究了两个模型的求解策略。首先利用一个更紧的二阶锥松弛方法将两个模型的混合整数二次规划形式转化为混合整数二阶锥规划形式。进一步,提出二阶锥线性化方法将混合整数二阶锥规划形式转化为混合整数线性规划形式。仿真结果表明,本文所构造的混合整数线性规划模型是解决机组组合问题更好的求解策略,能获得高质量的次优解。第三章提出考虑碳交易和碳税的发电优化调度模型和求解方法,并对碳交易和碳税机制进行了比较分析。首先,建立了基于碳交易的发电优化调度模型,该模型不仅考虑了碳排放配额约束,同时也考虑了碳排放权交易；基于分段线性化和二阶锥线性化方法,提出一种求解考虑碳交易的发电优化调度问题的新方法。其次,建立了考虑碳税的发电优化调度模型,可分析不同碳税场景对发电商利润和碳排放的影响；利用二阶锥线性化方法将考虑碳税的发电优化调度模型转化为混合整数线性规划进行求解。最后,从减排效果和抑制需求两方面对碳交易和碳税机制进行了比较分析。10机组24时段系统上进行仿真计算,验证了上述模型和方法的有效性。第四章提出计及条件鲁棒利润和碳交易的发电优化调度模型和求解方法。首先,考虑电价波动对发电商利润的影响,定义条件鲁棒利润和最坏情况条件鲁棒利润,将基于利润的机组组合模型拓展到基于条件鲁棒利润和最坏情况条件鲁棒利润的机组组合模型。进一步,考虑碳交易,建立了计及条件鲁棒利润和碳交易的发电优化调度模型。借助蒙特卡罗方法模拟电价场景,将所建模型转化为混合整数二阶锥规划进行求解。通过10机24时段系统的算例仿真,验证了所建模型和求解方法的有效性。发电商可以利用该模型优化发电,平衡利润和风险,根据碳市场价格的高低做出相应的碳交易策略。第五章提出平抑风电波动的多风场风电容量的分配方法,并建立了含风电和碳交易的机组组合模型。首先,运用Copula函数分析了风电场风速的相关关系,并构造了适合风电场的均值-方差模型优化各风场风电容量的分配。进一步,考虑到均值-方差对参数灵敏的特点,提出基于鲁棒优化思想的多风场鲁棒优化模型,并在盒式不确定集和椭球不确定集下将该模型转化为可用内点法计算的线性规划模型和二阶锥规划模型。最后,引入碳总量控制和交易模式,建立了含风电波动和碳交易的机组组合模型,采用二阶锥线性化和分段线性化方法,将模型转化为混合整数线性规划形式进行求解。10台火电机组和1个风电场仿真验证风电波动和碳价的变化对系统运行成本以及碳排放量的影响。
[Abstract]:Considering the carbon trading and the carbon tax policy under the low carbon environment, weighing the robust profit and the electricity price risk, making the optimal plan for the wind farm generating set, it is expected to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions from coal consumption, reduce the influence of wind power fluctuation, reduce the cost of generating electricity, and promote the construction of the saving society and promote the social and economic benefits. Further improvement has significant theoretical and practical value. However, the extremely complex low carbon policies, electricity price fluctuations and wind power fluctuations, and their interaction have led to the existing theory that the optimal scheduling problem can not be studied effectively. Therefore, this paper studies the cost and profit based on the low carbon environment. Unit combination model solving strategy, considering the modeling and solving of unit combination of carbon trading and carbon tax, generating optimal scheduling model and solving of robust profit and risk value, distribution method of wind field wind capacitance, and unit combination model and solution containing wind wave and carbon trading. The paper is divided into six chapters, first The main research work and the sixth chapter are summarized in the second chapter to the fifth chapter. The main research results in this paper are as follows: the second chapter discusses the cost based unit combination model and the profit based unit combination model for the optimal scheduling of power generation, and studies the solution strategy of the two models. First, a more compact model is used. The two order cone relaxation method transforms the mixed integer two programming form of two models into the mixed integer two order cone programming. Further, the two order cone linearization method is proposed to transform the mixed integer two order cone programming form to the mixed integer linear programming. The simulation results show that the mixed integer linear programming model constructed in this paper is the model of the mixed integer linear programming. The better solution strategy to solve the problem of unit combination can obtain high quality suboptimal solution. In the third chapter, the optimal scheduling model and solution method of carbon trading and carbon tax are proposed, and the carbon transaction and carbon tax mechanism are compared and analyzed. First, a carbon trading based optimal dispatch model is established, which not only considers carbon. At the same time, the carbon emission trading is considered, and a new method to solve the optimal scheduling problem considering carbon trading is proposed based on piecewise linearization and two order cone linearization. Secondly, an optimal scheduling model with carbon tax is established to analyze the effect of different carbon tax scenes on the profit and carbon emissions of power producers. The two order cone linearization method is used to transform the optimal dispatching model of electricity generation considering carbon tax into mixed integer linear programming. Finally, the comparison and analysis of carbon trading and carbon tax mechanism are carried out from two aspects of the reduction effect and the suppression demand. The simulation of the 24 period system of the.10 unit in the 24 period system is carried out, and the above models and methods are verified. In the fourth chapter, the optimal scheduling model and solution method for robust profit and carbon trading are proposed. Firstly, the effect of the price fluctuation on the profit of the generator is considered, the robust profit and the worst case condition are defined, and the profit based unit combination model is extended to the condition robust profit and the worst case. Further, considering the carbon trading, a power generation optimization scheduling model considering the condition of the condition robust profit and carbon trading is established. The model of electricity price is simulated with the Monte Carlo method, and the model is converted to the mixed integer two order cone programming. The simulation of the 24 period system of the 10 machine is proved to be built. The model and the solution method are effective. The generator can make use of the model to optimize the power generation, balance the profit and risk, make the corresponding carbon trading strategy according to the price of the carbon market. In the fifth chapter, the distribution method of the wind capacity of the wind power fluctuation is put forward, and the unit combination model with wind power and carbon trading is established. The correlation of wind speed in wind farms is analyzed with Copula function, and a mean variance model suitable for wind farms is constructed to optimize the distribution of wind capacitance in each wind field. Further, considering the sensitivity of mean variance to parameter sensitivity, a robust optimization model of multi wind field based on robust optimization is proposed, and the box uncertainty set and ellipsoid inaccuracy are presented. In the set, the model is transformed into a linear programming model and a two order cone programming model. Finally, a combination model of wind power fluctuation and carbon trading is established by introducing the carbon total control and transaction mode. The two order cone linearization and piecewise linearization are used to convert the model into mixed integer linear programming. The effects of wind power fluctuation and carbon price change on the operation cost and carbon emissions of.10 thermal power plant and 1 wind farms are simulated.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM73

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