基于光声光谱技术的变压器故障检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 03:21

本文选题：变压器 + 光声光谱　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在变压器的长期运行中,变压器油中会产生一些微量的气体而导致电力变压器出现故障,而这些微量气体的含量从一定程度上能够反映电力变压器的故障类型。本文重点分析了变压器油中乙炔(C2H2)气体的含量,进而判断变压器是否产生电弧或者有局部放电,这对电力变压器的稳定运行具有重要意义。在对变压器油中乙炔气体的含量进行研究时采用了光声光谱技术,与传统的检测技术相比,光声光谱技术能够方便快捷的准确检测待测气体的浓度,从而快速确定电力变压器是否存在故障及故障类型。论文首先对光声信号的激发原理作了简要介绍,并通过理论分析得出光声信号在圆柱形光声池中的振幅以及与其它参数之间的关系。针对电力变压器油中溶解的乙炔气体组建了一个检测其含量的装置,对其中的组成部件进行了简要的论述,并分析研究了该装置所产生的噪声。通过理论分析以及乙炔气体的相关查询得到其特征吸收谱线,并以此为基础分析了从注入电流以及工作温度两方面控制激光器而得到合适的辐射波长,通过实验手段研究了C2H2吸收系数与温度和压强之间的关系以及确定光声池实际的相关参数；其次,鉴于光声信号会受到众多因素的影响,本文通过实验分别研究了各自单一因素对气体光声信号的影响,检验了本实验装置的性能,为下一步的实际应用积累了一定的经验；最后采用最小二乘回归的方法对变压器油中乙炔气体浓度进行分析,并与采用气相色谱检测得出的数据相比,证明了该方法的准确性和实用性。
[Abstract]:In the long run of transformer, some trace gases will be produced in transformer oil, which will lead to the fault of power transformer, and the content of these trace gases can reflect the fault type of power transformer to a certain extent. In this paper, the content of acetylene C _ 2H _ 2 gas in transformer oil is analyzed, and it is important to judge whether the transformer produces arc or partial discharge, which is of great significance to the stable operation of power transformer. In the study of acetylene gas content in transformer oil, photoacoustic spectroscopy is used. Compared with traditional detection technology, photoacoustic spectroscopy can conveniently and accurately detect the concentration of gas to be measured. In order to quickly determine the power transformer whether there are faults and fault types. Firstly, the excitation principle of photoacoustic signal is briefly introduced, and the amplitude of photoacoustic signal in cylindrical photoacoustic cell and its relationship with other parameters are obtained by theoretical analysis. A device for detecting the content of acetylene gas dissolved in the oil of power transformer is set up. The components of the device are discussed briefly and the noise produced by the device is analyzed and studied. The characteristic absorption spectrum of acetylene gas is obtained by theoretical analysis and related inquiry of acetylene gas. Based on this, the appropriate radiation wavelength is obtained by controlling the laser from two aspects of injection current and operating temperature. The relationship between the absorption coefficient of C2H2 and temperature and pressure and the actual parameters of photoacoustic cell are studied by experimental means. Secondly, the photoacoustic signal is affected by many factors. In this paper, the effects of each single factor on the photoacoustic signal of gas are studied, and the performance of the experimental device is tested, which accumulates some experience for the practical application in the next step. Finally, the concentration of acetylene in transformer oil is analyzed by least square regression method, and compared with the data obtained by gas chromatography, the accuracy and practicability of the method are proved.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM407

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