海水环境下非接触电能传输效率的优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 23:06

本文选题：非接触式电能传输 + 电磁耦合器　；参考：《浙江大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：长期以来,为水下仪器设备提供安全、高效的电能供给手段,一直是备受关注的重要问题。近年来,用于海洋科学研究、资源勘探的电子仪器和机电装备被大量研制和广泛投入使用。传统上采用的电接触式插拔接头进行水下电能传输存在磨损、电击和漏电等安全隐患。非接触电能传输(Contactless Power Transmission, CPT)技术的电能在间隙内的传输过程中没有直接的电气接触,为解决上述问题提供了一条有效的途径。 CPT技术已陆续在陆上各种场合得到良好应用。其中,传输效率无疑仍是攸关CPT传输品质的重要方面。海水作为一种具有特定电磁特性的介质,直接影响到海水环境下CPT的传输性能。但国内外尚缺乏针对海洋环境下CPT传输效率的系统、详细研究。本论文在课题组前期研究成果的基础上,重点围绕海洋环境下的CPT传输效率的优化问题,研究海洋环境下CPT技术的传输机理,对传输效率进行深入理论分析；在海洋环境对CPT装置集成密封、固定与操作带来的客观限制条件下,完善相关的优化设计方法。开发适用于海洋环境、满足多种功能需求的海底观测网络及水下勘探机电装备的高效、稳定的电能传输插拔接口。进一步考虑CPT在深海中的应用中可能出现装置因封装结构无法满足有效传输距离的问题,对利用谐振中继的非接触传输(Contactless Power Transmission with Resonance Relays, CPTR),来增加有效传输距离、提升传输效率方面的内容进行了探索性的研究。建立海水环境下的CPT传输模型,并依此建立在不同谐振补偿结构下的系统传输效率模型。在近距离传输范围,讨论品质因数Q值、频率和负载大小对不同谐振补偿结构下传输效率的影响。建立CPT在海水中的涡流损耗模型,分析影响涡流损耗大小的因素。通过选择合适的谐振频率抑制涡流损耗,提高传输效率。综合理论分析结果,在确定的电磁耦合器结构下,提出一种通过选择、设计合适的系统工作频率和电磁耦合器参数的方法,来优化海水环境下的CPT传输效率。针对海水环境下不同的应用需求,根据理论分析结果,设计不同封装结构和电路功能的CPT系统,实现间隙距离5mm,功率300W(48V),效率约85%的电能传输。研制的其中一套系统完成千岛湖水下试验。提出一种利用谐振中继线圈提升在中距离范围的CPTR传输效率的方法。基于耦合模理论和电路理论对含有谐振中继的CPTR进行建模与效率分析；并对谐振中继个数和放置位置与传输效率的关系进行讨论。考虑海水介质对线圈的参数影响,提出了中继线圈的参数设计方法。进行相关实验来表明谐振中继线圈对效率提升的实际效果。
[Abstract]:For a long time, it has been an important issue to provide safe and efficient power supply for underwater instruments and equipments. In recent years, electronic instruments and electromechanical equipment for marine scientific research and resource exploration have been extensively developed and widely used. The traditional electrical contact plug-and-unplug connector for underwater electric power transmission has some safety problems, such as wear, electric shock and leakage. Contactless Power Transmission, CPT) technology has no direct electrical contact during the transmission of electrical energy in the gap, which provides an effective way to solve the above problems. CPT technology has been used in various occasions on land one after another. Among them, the transmission efficiency is still an important aspect of CPT transmission quality. As a medium with special electromagnetic characteristics, seawater has a direct impact on the transport performance of CPT in seawater environment. However, there is a lack of CPT transmission efficiency system in marine environment at home and abroad. On the basis of the previous research results of the research group, this paper focuses on the optimization of CPT transmission efficiency in marine environment, studies the transmission mechanism of CPT technology in marine environment, and makes a deep theoretical analysis of the transmission efficiency. Under the conditions of the integrated sealing, fixing and operation of the CPT plant in the marine environment, the optimization design method is improved. The development of underwater observation network which is suitable for marine environment and meets the needs of many functions, as well as the efficient and stable electric power transmission and pull-out interface for underwater exploration electromechanical equipment. Considering further that in the application of CPT in the deep sea, the device may not satisfy the effective transmission distance due to the encapsulation structure, the contactless Power Transmission with Resonance Relays, CPT can increase the effective transmission distance by using the resonant relay. The content of improving transmission efficiency is researched. The CPT transmission model in seawater environment is established, and the transmission efficiency model of the system under different resonant compensation structures is established according to this model. The effects of the quality factor Q, frequency and load on the transmission efficiency under different resonant compensation structures are discussed in the short distance transmission range. The eddy current loss model of CPT in seawater was established and the factors influencing the eddy current loss were analyzed. The transmission efficiency is improved by selecting the appropriate resonant frequency to suppress the eddy current loss. Based on the theoretical analysis results, a method is proposed to optimize the CPT transmission efficiency in seawater environment by selecting the appropriate operating frequency and parameters of the electromagnetic coupler. According to the results of theoretical analysis, a CPT system with different packaging structures and circuit functions is designed for different applications in seawater environment. The gap distance is 5mm, the power is 300WN 48V / L, and the efficiency is about 85%. One of the systems was developed to complete the underwater test of Qiandao Lake. This paper presents a method to improve the transmission efficiency of CPTR in the middle distance range by using the resonant trunk coil. Based on the coupled mode theory and circuit theory, the CPTR with resonant relay is modeled and its efficiency is analyzed, and the relationship between the number of resonant relays and the position of the resonant relay and the transmission efficiency is discussed. Considering the influence of seawater medium on the parameters of the coil, a parameter design method for the relay coil is proposed. Experiments are carried out to show the effectiveness of the resonant trunk coil in improving efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM724

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