一种新型旋转超声电机驱动控制试验系统

发布时间：2018-05-18 07:39

本文选题：超声电机 + 驱动技术　；参考：《集美大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：超声电机(Ultrasonic Motor，USM)具有结构紧凑、设计灵活、响应速度快、不产生磁场以及不受磁场干扰等特点，在对磁场敏感或有高定位及精度要求的领域如航空航天、精密仪器仪表等具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍为实验室研发的一种新型旋转型超声电机开发驱动控制的试验系统。此新型超声电机即压电定子与压电转子振型嵌合式旋转超声电机的运行离不开其驱动控制系统。目前市场为这种超声电机所用的驱动电源还是空白，因此在分析此超声电机的驱动原理的基础上，提出制作一种基于虚拟仪器的驱动电源。首先，简要分析此超声电机驱动原理，由此得出驱动条件为两组分别相位差为90°的两路频率相同幅值相同的正弦交变电压，其中一组驱动定子，另一组驱动转子，，初次时运行驱动定子与转子的两组信号的相位差为180°。由于该电机每次启动要求压电定子和转子振型嵌合位置关系，这两组电压的相位差是根据转子相对定子转动角度而决定。因此，即检测转子与定子相对转角用于反馈校正压电定子和转子驱动信号的相位关系。其次，以PC计算机为核心的硬件平台上，应用虚拟仪器技术，通过DAQ板卡和外围电路的设计进行输入输出采集与控制。使之输出幅值、频率、相位皆可调节的正弦信号，通过光电编码器检测超声电机转子相对定子位置反馈给系统用以保证电机下次启动时保持定转子振型嵌合位置关系。最后，为此系统设计制作了巴特沃斯低通滤波电路和移相电路，将从计算机板卡输出的两路含有高频谐波的正弦电压分成四路光滑的正弦电压。试验结果表明，该试验系统完全满足此新型旋转型超声电机驱动控制试验要求。本系统为新型超声电机奠定试验技术基础。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic motor USM (Ultrasonic Motor USM) has the advantages of compact structure, flexible design, fast response speed, no magnetic field and no magnetic field interference. Precision instruments and other instruments have a broad application prospects. In this paper, a new type of rotary ultrasonic motor driving control system developed for the laboratory is introduced. The new ultrasonic motor, that is, the piezoelectric stator and the piezoelectric rotor vibration chimeric rotary ultrasonic motor can not run without its drive and control system. At present, the driving power supply for this kind of ultrasonic motor is still blank in the market. Therefore, based on the analysis of the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor, a kind of driving power supply based on virtual instrument is proposed. Firstly, the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor is briefly analyzed, and the driving conditions are obtained as follows: two sets of sinusoidal alternating voltages with the same frequency and the same amplitude with 90 掳phase difference, one group of actuated stator, the other group of driving rotors. The phase difference between the two sets of signals is 180 掳. The phase difference between the two sets of voltages is determined by the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator because the motor requires the chimeric position of the piezoelectric stator and the rotor mode for each start. Therefore, the relative rotation angle between the rotor and the stator is detected for feedback correction of the phase relationship between the piezoelectric stator and the rotor driving signal. Secondly, on the hardware platform with PC computer as the core, the input and output acquisition and control are carried out through the design of DAQ card and peripheral circuit by using virtual instrument technology. The output sinusoidal signal with adjustable amplitude, frequency and phase can be detected by photoelectric encoder and fed back to the system by measuring the rotor position relative to the stator in order to ensure that the stator and rotor mode chimeric position relationship can be maintained at the next start of the motor. Finally, a Butterworth low-pass filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit are designed and fabricated. Two sinusoidal voltages with high frequency harmonics from the computer board are divided into four smooth sinusoidal voltages. The experimental results show that the test system can meet the requirements of the new rotary ultrasonic motor drive and control test. This system establishes the experimental technology foundation for the new type ultrasonic motor.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM359.9

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