电池储能系统在配电网中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 15:25

本文选题：电池储能系统 + 电压分布　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在建设可持续发展社会的背景下,主动配电网技术得到快速发展,电池储能系统以其灵活、高效、绿色环保等特点在主动配电网中受到越来越多的关注。锂离子电池具有标称电压高、比能量大、循环寿命长等优点,逐步成为电池储能领域的应用热点。随着储能系统应用的增多,关于储能优化配置的研究需要持续深入,本文以改善配电网电压质量和减少电网损耗为优化目标,对电池储能系统在配电网中的容量优化配置方法和储能优化布点方法进行了研究。首先,建立锂电池储能系统模型,包括串联电池组仿真模型和PWM整流器仿真模型。本文选择磷酸铁锂电池作为样本电池进行参数测试实验,通过实验数据在Matlab中进行电池等效电路的参数识别与拟合计算,然后求解等效电路的状态方程,得到电池的外特性输出数值,建立起单体电池仿真模型。再根据串联电池简化成组方法获得串联电池组的等效电路模型,建立起串联电池组的仿真模型。与PWM整流器模型连接形成电池储能系统模型,为后续仿真分析储能系统对配电网电压分布的影响奠定基础。其次,理论分析电池储能系统接入容量和接入位置对配电网电压分布的影响,并利用搭建的欧洲标准低压配电网模型进行仿真实验,验证理论分析的正确性。通过理论分析与仿真验证可以得到,电池储能系统合理选择接入位置和接入容量时才可以提高配电网的电压质量,否则可能引起电网节点电压的过大抬升,甚至出现电压越限,对配电网电压稳定性带来负面影响。最后,根据储能系统对配电网电压分布影响的研究结论来指导储能接入配电网的节点选择,然后以减小电压偏移、降低电网损耗为出发点,建立储能系统的容量优化配置方法。选择粒子群算法进行优化配置模型的求解,得到储能功率曲线的可行解,计算得到储能的容量配置。最后结合欧洲标准低压配电网算例仿真验证了储能容量优化配置模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:Under the background of building sustainable development society, active distribution network technology has been developed rapidly. Battery energy storage system has been paid more and more attention in active distribution network because of its flexibility, high efficiency, green environment and so on. Li-ion batteries have many advantages, such as high nominal voltage, high specific energy, long cycle life and so on. With the increasing application of energy storage system, the research on the optimal allocation of energy storage needs to be further studied. In this paper, the optimization goal is to improve the voltage quality and reduce the loss of the distribution network. In this paper, the optimal configuration of capacity and the optimal distribution of energy storage in the distribution network of battery energy storage system are studied. Firstly, the energy storage system model of lithium battery is established, including series battery pack simulation model and PWM rectifier simulation model. In this paper, the lithium iron phosphate battery is selected as the sample battery to test the parameters. The parameters of the equivalent circuit of the battery are identified and fitted by the experimental data in Matlab, and then the equation of state of the equivalent circuit is solved. The output value of the external characteristics of the battery is obtained, and the simulation model of the single cell is established. Then the equivalent circuit model of the series battery is obtained according to the simplified method of the series battery, and the simulation model of the series battery is established. The battery energy storage system model is formed by connecting with the PWM rectifier model, which lays a foundation for the subsequent simulation analysis of the influence of the energy storage system on the distribution network voltage distribution. Secondly, the influence of access capacity and access location of battery energy storage system on distribution network voltage distribution is analyzed theoretically, and the simulation experiment of European standard low-voltage distribution network model is carried out to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Through theoretical analysis and simulation verification, it can be concluded that the voltage quality of distribution network can be improved only when the battery energy storage system reasonably selects the access position and the access capacity, otherwise, it may cause the excessive uplift of the node voltage of the power network, and even the voltage exceeding the limit. It has a negative effect on the voltage stability of distribution network. Finally, according to the conclusion of the research on the influence of energy storage system on the distribution network voltage distribution, the paper guides the node selection of the energy storage access distribution network, and then establishes the capacity optimization configuration method of the energy storage system based on reducing the voltage offset and reducing the network loss. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is selected to solve the optimal configuration model, and the feasible solution of the energy storage power curve is obtained, and the capacity configuration of the energy storage is calculated. Finally, the feasibility of optimal configuration model of energy storage capacity is verified by simulation of European standard low voltage distribution network.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM912

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