海上风电场最大功率追踪与出力平滑研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:21

本文选题：风电 + 通用模型　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：风能资源的大规模发展和利用给风力发电技术带来了巨大的挑战和机遇,而在考虑机组间的尾流效应、风速的不稳定性等因素的条件下,实现风电场有功出力最大化以及功率平滑,是提高海上风电场并网发电量的关键所在。因此,风电场有功功率控制(Active Power Control,APC)与平滑技术已成为业界和学术界面临的迫切问题。本文主要从风电场有功功率控制系统(Active Power Control System,APCS)、有功出力优化策略、风电机组的运行和控制策略、尾流效应对风电场有功出力的影响等相关理论知识着手,展开课题的研究。1、研究了风电场环境风速和变速变桨距风电机组的建模与仿真,建立了由基本风、阵风、随机风和渐变风四分量组成的组合风速模型,研究了基于配置文件的变速变桨距风电机组通用模型,实现了风速和机组模型灵活配置,并能够较准确的测试不同类型的机组在不同风况和不同控制策略下输出功率、载荷、转矩等参数特性。2、研究了尾流与机组有功出力之间的定量调控方法,建立了海上风电场有功出力优化模型。重点研究了基于现有计算资源实现控制策略的方法:基于机组分组、机组控制原理降低了问题求解规模;基于数据拟合和极值求解方法优化了求解过程。仿真结果表明,提出的方案能使风电场各机组有功出力之和大于传统单机最大风能捕获方案,有效提升风场功率,在不增加风电场硬件设备投资的情况下,提高风电场投资收益。3、研究了机组本身惯性储能和锂电池储能平滑风电场输出功率波动(Power Fluctuation,PF)。分析了风电场储能系统,并依据储能装置的储能特性,建立的基于成本控制和锂电池寿命的性能指标评价指数。实例仿真表明建立的储能系统能够有效的满足风电场的平滑目标,大大提高了风电场并网发电量。
[Abstract]:The large-scale development and utilization of wind energy resources bring great challenges and opportunities to wind power generation technology. Considering the wake effect between units, wind speed instability and other factors, To maximize the active power and smooth power of wind farm is the key to improve the power generation capacity of offshore wind farm. Therefore, active Power Control (APC) and smoothing technology in wind farms have become an urgent problem in industry and academia. In this paper, the active Power Control system of active power control system of wind farm, the optimization strategy of active power output, the operation and control strategy of wind turbine, the effect of wake effect on the active power output of wind farm, and so on, are discussed in this paper. Firstly, the modeling and simulation of wind speed in wind farm and variable speed variable pitch wind turbine are studied, and the combined wind speed model composed of basic wind, gust, random wind and gradual wind is established. The general model of variable speed variable pitch wind turbine based on configuration file is studied. The flexible configuration of wind speed and unit model is realized, and the output power and load of different types of units under different wind conditions and different control strategies are tested more accurately. The torque isoparametric characteristic. 2. The quantitative control method between the wake flow and the active power output of the unit is studied, and the optimization model of the active power output of the offshore wind farm is established. The methods to realize the control strategy based on the existing computing resources are emphatically studied: based on the unit grouping, the unit control principle reduces the scale of solving the problem, and the solution process is optimized based on the data fitting and extremum solution methods. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can make the sum of active power output of wind farm units larger than the traditional maximum wind power capture scheme, effectively enhance the wind field power, without increasing the investment of wind farm hardware equipment. In order to improve the investment income of wind farm, the inertia energy storage and lithium battery energy storage are studied to smooth the fluctuation of output power of wind farm. The energy storage system of wind farm is analyzed, and the evaluation index based on cost control and Lithium battery life is established according to the energy storage characteristics of the energy storage unit. The simulation results show that the energy storage system can effectively meet the smooth target of wind farm, and greatly improve the grid power generation capacity of wind farm.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM614

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