永磁无刷直流电动机齿槽转矩及极槽比优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 01:06

本文选题：永磁无刷直流电动机 + 分数槽集中绕组　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电力电子行业、微电子和自动控制控制系统的迅猛发展以及新型永磁材料的发现，永磁无刷直流电动机得到了快速发展。永磁无刷直流电动机常采用分数槽绕组有许多优点，但也存在诸多不足。分数槽绕组的排布会令电机反电势及磁势波形变差、谐波含量增加、电机铁损增大，所以极槽配合的选取对永磁无刷直流电动机尤为重要。齿槽转矩会令电机的转矩脉动增大，使电机产生振动和噪声，，还会影响电机速度及位置控制系统的精确度，使电机整体性能变差。本文从电机本体设计出发对极槽配合及齿槽转矩进行优化分析。文章首先介绍了单元电机及虚拟电机的概念，利用槽电动势星形图，分析了分数槽集中绕组的特点及其绕组系数的计算，重点讨论了极槽配合对电机的影响及合理选取问题。其次讨论了齿槽转矩的削弱方法，建立了多个不同极槽配合的永磁无刷直流电动机模型，并搭建外部电路。通过对齿槽转矩傅里叶分解系数的分析结合有限元方法优化电机的齿槽转矩，分别采用了调节槽口宽度、调节极弧系数、磁极分段错位、定子齿开辅助槽及磁极偏移等方法。并分析了不同优化措施的利弊及参数的选取原则。最后给出了一个24槽4极永磁无刷直流电动机齿槽转矩综合优化方案。将槽口宽度优化、极弧系数选取及磁极偏移法组合应用，在削弱齿槽转矩的同时保证电机性能。经综合优化后电机齿槽转矩被大幅削弱，负载性能有所提升。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power electronics industry, microelectronics and automatic control system and the discovery of new permanent magnet materials, the permanent magnet brushless DC motor has been developed rapidly. Permanent magnet brushless DC motor usually adopts fractional slot winding which has many advantages, but also has many shortcomings. The arrangement of fractional slot windings will make the back EMF and magnetic potential waveform of the motor worse, increase the harmonic content and increase the iron loss of the motor, so the selection of pole slot coordination is particularly important for the permanent magnet brushless DC motor. The slotting torque will increase the torque ripple of the motor, cause the vibration and noise of the motor, affect the accuracy of the speed and position control system of the motor, and make the overall performance of the motor worse. Based on the design of motor body, this paper optimizes the pole-slot fit and the torque of gear slot. This paper first introduces the concepts of unit motor and virtual motor, analyzes the characteristics of fractional slot concentrated winding and the calculation of winding coefficient by using the star diagram of slot electromotive force, and emphatically discusses the influence of pole slot matching on motor and its reasonable selection. Secondly, the weakening method of tooth groove torque is discussed, and several permanent magnet brushless DC motor models with different pole slots are established, and the external circuit is built. By analyzing the Fourier decomposition coefficient of the tooth slot torque and combining the finite element method to optimize the tooth slot torque of the motor, the methods of adjusting the slot width, regulating the pole arc coefficient, the misalignment of the magnetic pole segment, the auxiliary slot opening of the stator tooth and the magnetic pole deviation are adopted respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of different optimization measures and the selection principle of parameters are analyzed. Finally, a 24-slot 4 pole permanent magnet brushless DC motor grooving torque optimization scheme is presented. The slot width optimization, the selection of polar arc coefficient and the magnetic pole offset method are combined to reduce the torque of the tooth slot and ensure the performance of the motor at the same time. After comprehensive optimization, the torque of the gear slot of the motor is greatly weakened, and the load performance is improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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