BLDCM调速系统最优状态反馈控制器设计

发布时间：2018-05-27 00:10

本文选题：无刷直流电动机 + 调速　；参考：《河北科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：同交流电动机相比,无刷直流电动机不仅结构不复杂而且运行稳定、方便检修;同直流电动机相比,它的励磁损耗小、运行效率高且调速性能优良。当前对无刷直流电动机的应用进行研究引起了大家的关注,在汽车、机器人、数控机床、仪器仪表、计算机外围设备等领域都有无刷直流电动机的广泛应用。本文首先对无刷直流电动机的基本工作原理进行了说明,又分别介绍了系统组成部分的发展动态。然后细致推导了无刷直流电动机数学模型、分析换相原理并比较各种PWM调制方式。利用MATLAB的Simulink环境下的SimPowerSystems模块,搭建了一个新型的无刷直流电动机调速系统仿真模型,并对其控制方法做了仿真研究。该模型和实际系统是比较接近的。随着对无刷直流电动机调速系统性能要求的不断提高,常规的PID控制器已经难以满足要求。基于卡尔曼滤波和动态规划的最优状态反馈控制能观测和抑制各种模型干扰和量测噪声(包括负载突变情况),通过自适应算法可实现对给定输入的补偿作用。本文针对存在不同干扰情况的无刷直流电动机调速系统,设计了一种具有自适应补偿的最优状态反馈控制方案。仿真结果显示所设计方案下的系统调速性能非常好,还能够很好的抑制了系统的各类扰动。本文先进的理论算法研究,对于进一步推动无刷直流电动机的应用和研究具有重要的实际工程意义。
[Abstract]:Compared with the AC motor, the brushless DC motor is not only complex in structure but also stable in operation and convenient to repair. Compared with the DC motor, the brushless DC motor has small excitation loss, high running efficiency and excellent speed regulation performance. The brushless DC motor is widely used in the field of instrument, computer peripheral equipment and other fields. First, the basic working principle of Brushless DC motor is explained, and the development of the system component is introduced. Then the digital model of Brushless DC motor is deduced, the principle of commutation and the comparison of various PWM tones are analyzed. By using the SimPowerSystems module in the Simulink environment of MATLAB, a new type of Brushless DC motor speed control system simulation model is built, and its control method is simulated. The model is close to the actual system. With the continuous improvement of the performance requirements of the brushless DC motor speed control system, the conventional The PID controller has been difficult to meet the requirements. The optimal state feedback control based on Calman filtering and dynamic programming can observe and suppress various model interference and measurement noise (including load mutation), and the adaptive algorithm can compensate the given input by the adaptive algorithm. An optimal state feedback control scheme with adaptive compensation is designed for the speed control system. The simulation results show that the system's speed regulation performance is very good and can also restrain all kinds of disturbance of the system. The advanced theoretical algorithm research has been used to further promote the application and research of Brushless DC motor. Important practical engineering significance.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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