风电场自动电压控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-28 22:37

本文选题：风电场 + 并网　；参考：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着风力发电技术的快速进步和国家对可再生能源的政策支持,我国风力发电产业取得了迅猛的进展。但是由于我国电网的发展趋势以及风资源的分布特点,目前,我国风电发展呈现出了大规模集中开发的特征,同时大型风电场都处于远离电力负荷中心的较偏远地区,该地区一般都处于电网末端,电网网架结构较薄弱,因此,大规模风电需要通过超高压、远距离输电线路输送到负荷中心。由于超高压输电通道具有较大的充电功率以及风电本身存在的波动性和不确定性,使得大规模风电集中接入点和输电通道潮流产生强烈的波动性,从而导致大规模风电接入区域电网的并网点电压随着风电出力的变化而大起大落,严重影响电网运行的电压质量和稳定性。因此研究大规模风电集中接入电网的无功电压特性及其控制策略具有重要的实际意义。本文首先介绍了风电场无功电压控制技术的研究现状,研究和分析了无功电压自动控制措施的基本原理和特点。其然后根据实际工程需求,提出了风电场无功电压整体控制策略,即通过对风电场无功的控制实现对母线电压及风机机端电压的控制。一方面,针对风电场无功电压稳定性控制问题,具体思路是通过风电场建模,计算中综合考虑升压变、箱变、集电汇线、风机等设备的无功需求,实时计算风电场整体无功裕度,协调利用SVC、风机、分接头以及电容器组的无功调节能力,保持风电场无功平衡及电压稳定,并保留足够的裕度以应对异常情况,实现风险控制;另一方面,针对风机机端电压稳定性控制问题,具体思路是通过风电场状态估计,实现风电场全面监测,同时避免无效采样数据对计算的影响,保证系统的整体可靠性,通过分析风电场潮流,平衡各集电汇线之间的电压,尽量控制风机均处于进相运行状态,避免由于电压波动导致风机脱网事件的发生。其次在所提出的整体控制策略的基础上设计开发了一套风电场智能无功电压自动控制系统,同时描述了系统的整体框架并详细介绍了系统各个子模块的工作原理、功能与配置情况。最后将所设计的系统应用于实际工程中,本文以甘肃桥湾、酒泉桥东风电场AVC系统场内闭环运行测试情况为实例对所设计的控制系统进行性能评估,证明了本文设计的风电场无功电压自动控制系统的有效性与控制策略的合理性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid progress of wind power technology and national policy support for renewable energy, the wind power industry in China has made rapid progress. However, due to the development trend of power grid and the distribution characteristics of wind resources in China, wind power development in China is characterized by large-scale centralized development, and large wind farms are located in remote areas far from the power load center. The area is generally located at the end of the power grid, and the grid structure is weak. Therefore, large-scale wind power needs to be transmitted to the load center through ultra-high voltage and long-distance transmission lines. Due to the large charging power and the volatility and uncertainty of wind power in EHV transmission channels, large-scale concentrated wind power access points and transmission channel power flow have strong volatility. As a result, the parallel network voltage of large-scale wind power connected to the regional power network fluctuates with the variation of wind power output, which seriously affects the voltage quality and stability of power grid operation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the reactive power and voltage characteristics of large-scale wind power centralized access network and its control strategy. This paper first introduces the research status of reactive power and voltage control technology in wind farm, studies and analyzes the basic principle and characteristics of reactive power and voltage automatic control measures. Then according to the actual engineering demand, the overall control strategy of reactive power and voltage of wind farm is put forward, that is, the control of bus voltage and wind turbine terminal voltage is realized through the control of reactive power of wind farm. On the one hand, aiming at the control problem of reactive power and voltage stability of wind farm, the concrete idea is to model the wind farm and consider comprehensively the reactive power demand of the equipment, such as booster change, box change, collecting wire transfer line, fan and so on, in the calculation. The overall reactive power margin of wind farm is calculated in real time, and the reactive power regulation ability of SVC, fan, tap joint and capacitor bank is used in coordination, and the reactive power balance and voltage stability of wind farm are maintained, and sufficient margin is reserved to deal with abnormal situation and realize risk control. On the other hand, aiming at the problem of voltage stability control of wind turbine terminal, the concrete idea is to realize wind farm comprehensive monitoring through wind farm state estimation, and to avoid the influence of invalid sampling data on calculation, so as to ensure the overall reliability of the system. By analyzing the wind farm power flow, balancing the voltage between the collection lines, controlling the wind turbine in the phase forward operation state as far as possible, avoiding the event of the fan being off the grid caused by the voltage fluctuation. Secondly, a set of intelligent reactive power and voltage automatic control system of wind farm is designed and developed based on the proposed overall control strategy. At the same time, the whole frame of the system is described and the working principle of each sub-module of the system is introduced in detail. Function and configuration. Finally, the designed system is applied to practical engineering. The performance of the designed control system is evaluated by taking the closed-loop operation test of the AVC system in the field of Qiaowan and Jiuquan Bridge wind farms in Gansu Province as an example. It is proved that the reactive power and voltage automatic control system designed in this paper is effective and the control strategy is reasonable.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP273;TM614

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