继电保护系统隐藏故障的风险评估研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 05:40

本文选题：继电保护 + 隐藏故障　；参考：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电网结构复杂性和运行不确定性的不断增加，电力系统的运行可靠性面临着日趋严峻的挑战，继电保护系统的隐藏故障是影响电力系统运行可靠性的主要因素之一。对继电保护系统隐藏故障进行建模分析，有助于研究隐藏故障的产生机理，辨识保护系统的薄弱环节；对继电保护系统隐藏故障进行风险评估，有助于分析连锁故障发展过程，识别系统中的关键线路和高风险故障路径。研究继电保护系统隐藏故障的相关问题可以提高电网的运行可靠性，对于提高电力系统安全稳定水平方面起着至关重要的作用。首先，分析了继电保护系统隐藏故障的产生机理。从继电保护装置内部元件功能故障、保护整定定值不合理、保护原理性失效和保护系统辅助元件故障四个方面研究产生隐藏故障的原因。分析发现继电保护系统的隐藏故障具有多模式的特点。总结归纳了现有研究在处理隐藏故障问题时所采用的分析方法，，从概率和风险两个角度阐述了各种方法的实现机理。接着，研究了超高压输电线路继电保护系统的隐藏故障。通过分析线路主保护、后备保护、断路器装置、断路器失灵保护的隐藏故障，建立了多模式的隐藏故障模型。在该模型的基础上，提出了电网N-k故障预想分析方法。从定值风险区间、距离III段躲负荷可靠性和断路器装置故障三个角度预想了电网可能存在的N-k故障路径。算例分析表明：该方法有助于分析电网N-k故障的故障机理，辨识出一些重要的故障路径，发现保护系统的薄弱环节。最后，评估了继电保护系统隐藏故障的风险。通过研究由继电保护系统隐藏故障导致的电网N-k故障风险来评估隐藏故障的风险水平。提出一种基于事件树分析法和功能组分解法的电网N-k故障概率求取方法，以及一种综合电源功率损失、负荷功率损失和输电断面功率损失的故障后果评价指标。实际电网算例分析表明：该方法有助于提高N-k故障概率的计算准确度，辨识出系统中的关键线路，发现电网的薄弱环节，防治连锁故障的发生。
[Abstract]:With the increasing complexity of power network structure and operation uncertainty, the operational reliability of power system is facing more and more serious challenges. The hidden fault of relay protection system is one of the main factors that affect the operation reliability of power system. Modeling and analysis of hidden fault of relay protection system is helpful to study the mechanism of hidden fault, identify the weak link of protection system, evaluate the risk of hidden fault of relay protection system and analyze the development process of cascading fault. Identify critical circuits and high risk fault paths in the system. The research on hidden fault of relay protection system can improve the reliability of power system, and it plays an important role in improving the level of power system safety and stability. Firstly, the mechanism of hidden fault in relay protection system is analyzed. The causes of hidden faults are studied from four aspects: the failure of internal components of relay protection device, the unreasonable setting of protection, the failure of protection principle and the fault of auxiliary component of protection system. It is found that the hidden fault of relay protection system has the characteristics of multi-mode. This paper summarizes the analysis methods used in the existing research to deal with hidden faults, and expounds the realization mechanism of these methods from the point of view of probability and risk. Then, the hidden fault of the relay protection system of EHV transmission line is studied. By analyzing the hidden faults of main line protection, backup protection, circuit breaker device and circuit breaker failure protection, a multi-mode hidden fault model is established. Based on this model, a method of N-k fault prediction analysis is proposed. The N-k fault path of power network is forecasted from three angles of fixed risk range distance III load reliability and circuit breaker fault. Numerical examples show that this method is helpful to analyze the fault mechanism of N-k fault, identify some important fault paths, and find the weak links of the protection system. Finally, the risk of hidden fault of relay protection system is evaluated. The risk level of hidden fault is evaluated by studying N-k fault risk caused by hidden fault of relay protection system. A fault probability estimation method based on event tree analysis and function group decomposition is proposed, and an evaluation index of fault consequence of power loss, load power loss and power loss of transmission section is presented. The practical examples show that this method is helpful to improve the accuracy of N-k fault probability, identify the key lines in the system, find the weak links of the power network, and prevent the occurrence of cascading faults.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM77

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