配电网短路故障定位方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 19:33

本文选题：配电网 + 矩阵算法改进　；参考：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,各电力用户对电力系统供电可靠性提出越来越高的要求,配电网作为与用户直接相连的环节,提高其供电可靠性对改善电力系统的可靠性具有重要意义。本文主要研究配电网中破坏性较大、故障特征明显的短路故障的定位方法。首先,针对不含DG配电网故障区段定位方法——矩阵算法容错性差的缺点对矩阵算法进行改进。增加评价函数评价矩阵算法故障区段定位结果的拆分组合,选出使评价函数值最小的拆分组合作为故障区段定位的结果,这种处理方式提高了矩阵算法的容错性。然后研究了基于免疫算法的配电网故障区段定位,并与基于遗传算法的定位进行了对比,对比结果表明免疫算法根据个体亲和度和浓度选择下代个体的方法可避免算法快速陷入局部最优。接着,又研究了适用于短路故障的基于节点阻抗矩阵的配电网故障测距方法,故障发生后,先形成等效系统故障前的节点阻抗矩阵,在此基础上形成增加虚拟节点后等效系统的节点阻抗矩阵,该节点阻抗矩阵中包含未知量故障距离,再由支路追加法形成增加过渡电阻后包含未知量故障距离和过渡电阻的各节点的自阻抗和节点之间的互阻抗,并根据节点阻抗的物理意义建立测距表达式,同时提出采用静态电压特性的负荷模型模拟负荷,通过仿真分析知该方法测距精度高、具有一定的抗过渡电阻能力。文章最后分析了DG接入对不含DG配电网故障区段定位方案的影响,提出通过限制DG的接入容量,合理设定开关定值的方法,满足馈线开关上报故障信息的选择性,使得不含DG配电网的故障区段定位方案适用于含DG的配电网,并基于此研究了DG的最大准入容量和馈线的最长供电距离,最后给出了DG接入容量超过限制时,含DG架空配电网的故障区段定位解决方案。
[Abstract]:With the development of the national economy and the improvement of the people's living standard, the power users put forward more and more high requirements for the power supply reliability of the power system, and the distribution network is a link directly connected with the users. It is of great significance to improve the reliability of power system by improving its power supply reliability. This paper mainly studies the localization method of short-circuit fault which is destructive and has obvious fault characteristics in distribution network. Firstly, the matrix algorithm is improved to solve the problem that the fault section location method without DG is poor fault tolerance of matrix algorithm. The split combination of fault section location results of evaluation function evaluation matrix algorithm is added, and the split combination with minimum evaluation function value is selected as the result of fault section location. This processing method improves the fault tolerance of matrix algorithm. Then, the fault section location of distribution network based on immune algorithm is studied and compared with the location based on genetic algorithm. The comparison results show that the immune algorithm can avoid the algorithm falling into local optimum quickly by selecting the next generation individual according to the individual affinity and concentration. Then, the fault location method based on node impedance matrix for short circuit fault is studied. After the fault occurs, the node impedance matrix before equivalent system failure is first formed. On this basis, the node impedance matrix of the equivalent system after adding virtual nodes is formed. The node impedance matrix contains unknown fault distance. Then the self-impedance and mutual impedance of each node containing unknown fault distance and transition resistance are formed by the branch addition method, and the location expression is established according to the physical meaning of node impedance. At the same time, a load model with static voltage characteristics is proposed to simulate the load. The simulation results show that the method has high accuracy and resistance to transition resistance. Finally, the paper analyzes the influence of DG access on fault section location scheme of distribution network without DG, and puts forward a method to meet the selectivity of fault information reporting by feeder switch by limiting the access capacity of DG and setting the switching value reasonably. The fault section location scheme without DG is suitable for the distribution network with DG. Based on this, the maximum access capacity of DG and the longest power supply distance of feeder are studied. Finally, when the access capacity of DG exceeds the limit, the maximum access capacity of DG is given. Fault section location solution for overhead distribution network with DG.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM711

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