阀控式铅酸蓄电池实验平台的设计与建模方法的研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 00:32

本文选题：电池实验平台 + 电池外特性　；参考：《燕山大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来，分布式能源发电、微电网和电动车逐渐成为研究人员关注的重要课题，然而蓄电池的荷电状态难以准确估计制约了这一系列重要技术的发展。为了解决这一问题，本文调研了现有的等效电路模型，，分析了蓄电池荷电状态准确估计困难的原因，设计了蓄电池特性实验平台，之后基于数据拟合的方法对电池的放电特性进行了分析，提出了两种基于run-time模型的建模方法，从而为准确地估计电池的荷电状态提供有效的技术基础。主要工作内容和研究成果如下： 1、调研了电池的分类与基本组成、铅酸蓄电池基本原理与特点和铅酸蓄电池等效电路模型，认为电池的等效电路模型有阻抗模型、戴维南模型和run-time模型三类，对阀控式铅酸蓄电池的等效电路模型进行研究有重大意义； 2、针对特定蓄电池设计了实验平台及相关控制系统的软硬件架构。硬件部分包括主电路和控制电路等；软件部分包括通信及实验平台各部分之间的分工与协调，电压、电流和PWM的保护与实验数据采集等； 3、对等效电路模型中有代表性的电池三阶模型进行了仿真，对其优缺点进行了探讨；由所设计的实验台获得相应实验数据，结合数据拟合的方法，提出了可归类于run-time模型的两种电池放电特性建模方法：基于放电曲线分段的建模方法和基于放电百分比的建模方法。利用第一种方法，给定任意放电电流就可以得出该电流下的放电电压曲线、剩余放电时间和剩余电量等；第二种方法首先分析了电池荷电状态(State of Charge, SOC)概念的局限性，然后提出了放电百分比(Percentage ofDischarge, POD)的概念，基于此概念建立了电池放电模型，应用此模型可以预测剩余放电时间的同时，还可以分析电池的一致性问题。
[Abstract]:In recent years, distributed energy generation, microgrid and electric vehicles have gradually become an important issue that researchers pay attention to. However, it is difficult to accurately estimate the charge state of batteries, which restricts the development of this series of important technologies. In order to solve this problem, this paper investigates the existing equivalent circuit models, analyzes the reasons why it is difficult to estimate the charging state of batteries accurately, and designs an experimental platform for battery characteristics. Then, based on the data fitting method, the discharge characteristics of the battery are analyzed, and two modeling methods based on run-time model are proposed, which provide an effective technical basis for accurately estimating the charged state of the battery. The main work and findings are as follows: 1. The classification and composition of the battery, the basic principle and characteristics of the lead-acid battery and the equivalent circuit model of the lead-acid battery are investigated. It is considered that there are three kinds of equivalent circuit models of the battery: impedance model, Thevenen model and run-time model. It is of great significance to study the equivalent circuit model of valve-controlled lead-acid battery. 2. The hardware and software architecture of the experimental platform and the related control system are designed for the specific battery. The hardware part includes the main circuit and the control circuit, the software part includes the division and coordination of the communication and the experiment platform, the protection of the voltage, current and PWM, and the data acquisition of the experiment, etc. 3. The typical third order battery model in the equivalent circuit model is simulated, and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and the corresponding experimental data are obtained from the designed experimental bench, and the method of data fitting is combined. This paper presents two modeling methods for battery discharge characteristics which can be classified into run-time model: one based on discharge curve segmentation and the other based on percentage of discharge. By using the first method, the discharge voltage curve, the residual discharge time and the residual quantity of charge can be obtained under the given arbitrary discharge current. The second method first analyzes the limitation of the concept of state of Charge, SOC) in the charged state of the battery. Then, the concept of percentage of discharge charge (POD) is proposed, based on which the battery discharge model is established. The residual discharge time can be predicted and the consistency of the battery can be analyzed by using the model.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM912.1

【参考文献】