基于太阳能电池组件失配的户用型光伏发电系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 08:31

本文选题：失配 + PSIM　；参考：《扬州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：太阳能光伏发电作为缓解能源紧张的新途径,在世界范围内得到了快速地发展。而随着太阳能发电的普及,失配的问题也凸显出来。对于传统型户用光伏发电系统,当太阳能电池组件阵列中出现失配问题时,将会导致电池组件阵列最大功率的误跟踪从而使整个系统输出功率大幅下降。本课题针对这个问题,提出了一种改进型系统,其理念是在传统型系统的基础上,为每块太阳能电池组件配备一块具有MPPT功能的DC-DC电路来保证失配情况下的最大功率输出,其优点为改造成本低,失配情况下提高的发电量高。本课题所研究内容如下： 1、利用PSIM仿真软件对传统型户用光伏发电系统的失配问题进行了研究。首先对传统型系统进行了电路设计和参数的计算,然后根据其系统结构搭建了PSIM仿真模型。通过仿真在部分阴影遮盖下电池组件阵列的电压输出,验证了失配时最大功率点的误跟踪；通过仿真电池组件在不同阴影面积下的功率输出,验证了失配时的功率损失以及其与失配程度的关系。2、针对失配问题,提出了一种改进型系统结构,根据该结构所用DC-DC变换器的不同分为两个改进方案,即采用boost变换器和buck变换器。首先对改进型系统进行了电路设计和参数的计算,然后利用PSIM软件对两种改进方案进行了仿真。通过仿真失配情况下改进型系统的功率输出,验证理论的可行性。经过与传统型系统的对比分析,两个改进方案的输出功率分别提高了108.2%和112.2%。 3、制作了boost变换器、buck变换器等硬件实物,利用光伏组件、电子负载等设备搭建了传统型系统以及改进型系统的试验硬件。在部分阴影遮盖的失配情况下,分别针对传统型系统和改进型系统的最大功率点电压、输出功率、一天内的发电量等重要数据参数进行了试验。经过对试验数据地具体分析,在考虑变换器功率损耗的情况下,两个改进方案一天中的发电量分别比传统型系统提高了68.3%和72.2%。最终验证了改进方案在解决失配问题上的优势。
[Abstract]:Solar photovoltaic power generation as a new way to ease energy tension, in the world has been rapid development. With the popularity of solar power generation, the mismatch problem also highlights. For the traditional household photovoltaic power generation system, when there is a mismatch problem in the solar cell array, it will lead to the mistracking of the maximum power of the battery module array, thus greatly reducing the output power of the whole system. In order to solve this problem, an improved system is proposed in this paper. The idea is that each solar cell module is equipped with a DC-DC circuit with MPPT function to ensure the maximum power output in the case of mismatch on the basis of the traditional system. It has the advantages of low cost and high power generation under mismatch. The contents of this study are as follows: 1. The mismatch problem of traditional household photovoltaic power generation system is studied by PSIM simulation software. Firstly, the circuit design and parameter calculation of the traditional system are carried out, and then the PSIM simulation model is built according to the system structure. By simulating the voltage output of the battery assembly array under partial shading, the error tracking of the maximum power point when mismatched is verified, and the power output of the battery component under different shadow areas is simulated. The power loss and the relationship between power loss and mismatch degree are verified. Aiming at the mismatch problem, an improved system structure is proposed, which can be divided into two improved schemes according to the difference of the DC-DC converter used in the structure. Boost converter and buck converter are adopted. First, the circuit design and parameter calculation of the improved system are carried out, and then the two improved schemes are simulated by using PSIM software. The feasibility of the theory is verified by simulating the power output of the improved system under the condition of mismatch. Compared with the traditional system, the output power of the two improved schemes is increased by 108.2% and 112.22respectively. 3. The hardware of boost converter and buck converter is made, and the traditional system and the improved system are built by using photovoltaic module, electronic load and so on. In the case of partial shading mismatch, the important data parameters such as the maximum power point voltage, the output power and the power generation in one day of the traditional system and the improved system are tested respectively. Through the detailed analysis of the experimental data, considering the power loss of the converter, the power generation of the two improved schemes in one day is 68.3% and 72.2% higher than that of the traditional system, respectively. Finally, the advantages of the improved scheme in solving the mismatch problem are verified.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4;TM615

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