永磁同步牵引电机电感参数辨识及控制

发布时间：2018-06-07 15:40

本文选题：永磁同步牵引电机 + 矢量控制　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着轨道交通的快速发展,如何更好的提高列车牵引性能引起了人们的广泛关注。永磁同步牵引电机因其效率高、体积小、重量轻等优点,应用于列车牵引传动系统时可以显著地提高列车的性能。内置式永磁同步牵引电机交直轴磁路的不对称以及电机磁场交叉饱和导致了内置式永磁同步牵引电机电感参数随电机电流的变化而变化,其对电机的控制性能造成一定的影响。本文分析了内置式永磁同步牵引电机在电机运行过程中发生的磁场饱和现象,以及由此产生的电感变化机理。并使用有限元计算软件对某600kW内置式永磁同步牵引电机电感参数进行计算,得到其电感随电流变化的曲线。然后,本文研究了电感参数变化对于牵引传动系统控制的影响,对比分析了固定的交轴电感值和随交轴电流变化而变化的交轴电感值所对应的最大转矩电流比控制曲线。当交轴电感随交轴电流的不同而变化时,若在控制器中不进行相应的变化,则电机实际输出的转矩不能达到指令值,对牵引效果有着显著影响。本文使用Matlab软件搭建了内置式永磁同步牵引电机控制系统对以上问题进行仿真验证。同时,本文基于内置式永磁同步牵引电机的实际应用,利用带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法对电机电感参数进行在线辨识。该方法利用当前时刻的采样值和上-时刻的结果得到当前时刻电感的估计值。避免了普通最小二乘法存储量大的问题。Matlab仿真结果表明,该方法可较为准确并快速地得到永磁电机交轴电感的估计值。本文基于Myway永磁同步电机控制实验平台进行了带有参数辨识的内置式永磁同步电机矢量控制实验。实验结果表明采用该方法后,内置式永磁同步电机对转矩指令值的响应有了明显的改善。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of rail transit, how to improve the traction performance of trains has attracted wide attention. The permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM) has the advantages of high efficiency, small volume and light weight, so it can improve the train performance significantly when it is applied to the train traction transmission system. The asymmetry of the AC axis magnetic circuit and the cross-saturation of the magnetic field of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous traction motor lead to the change of the inductance parameters with the change of the motor current, which has a certain influence on the control performance of the motor. In this paper, the saturation phenomenon of magnetic field and the mechanism of inductance variation of built-in permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM) are analyzed. The inductance parameters of a 600kW built-in permanent magnet synchronous traction motor are calculated by using finite element software, and the curves of inductance varying with current are obtained. Then, the influence of the change of inductance parameters on the control of traction drive system is studied, and the maximum torque / current ratio control curve corresponding to the fixed cross-axis inductance and the change of cross-axis inductance with the change of cross-axis current is compared and analyzed. When the cross-axis inductance varies with the cross-axis current, if the controller does not change, the actual output torque of the motor can not reach the instruction value, which has a significant impact on the traction effect. In this paper, a built-in permanent magnet synchronous traction motor control system is built by using Matlab software. At the same time, based on the practical application of built-in permanent magnet synchronous traction motor, a recursive least square method with forgetting factor is used to identify the inductance parameters online. The method uses the sampling value of the current moment and the result of the upper-moment to obtain the estimated value of the inductance at the current time. The simulation results of Matlab show that the method can get the estimated value of AC shaft inductance of permanent magnet motor accurately and quickly. Based on Myway permanent magnet synchronous motor control experiment platform, the vector control experiment of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor with parameter identification is carried out in this paper. The experimental results show that the response of built-in PMSM to torque instruction value is improved obviously.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM922.71

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