极低频电磁场的健康效应

发布时间：2018-06-08 14:54

  本文选题：输电线路 + 极低频电磁场　； 参考：《高电压技术》2015年08期

【摘要】：来自于输电线路、变压器、家用电器的极低频电磁场已经在现代生活中无所不在,但它们对人体健康的潜在危险还不清楚。为了综合评述近几年的研究成果以指引未来极低频电磁场健康效应的研究方向,在介绍极低频电磁场物理特性的基础上,着重介绍了近年来极低频电磁场在流行病学调查、人体志愿者、动物实验、细胞和分子、生物物理学等领域的研究进展。大多数流行病学调查表明极低频电磁场的健康风险比值比在1~2之间。人体志愿者实验研究主要包括心肺生理、脑电与神经、血常规、褪黑素等方面。动物实验研究主要包括认知、血管渗透性、褪黑激素、免疫系统、转基因白血病动物模型、协同致癌作用等方面。细胞和分子研究主要包括细胞周期、细胞凋亡、细胞分裂、DNA复制转录和翻译等方面。生物物理学研究主要包括ROS机制、胞内Ca2+、离子通道、鲁棒行为、信噪比、体内磁性颗粒等方面。极低频电磁场限值方面的国际标准主要包括ICNIRP指南和IEEE标准,国内标准主要包括职业卫生标准和环境控制标准。未来的研究方向应包括极低频电磁场的生物系统特性如鲁棒性和涌现性等、电磁场作用下的生物实时响应和电磁能量的生物效应。
[Abstract]:Very low frequency electromagnetic fields from transmission lines transformers and household appliances are ubiquitous in modern life but their potential risks to human health are unclear. In order to comprehensively review the research results in recent years in order to guide the future research direction of the health effect of very low frequency electromagnetic field, based on the introduction of the physical characteristics of the very low frequency electromagnetic field, the epidemiological investigation of the very low frequency electromagnetic field in recent years is emphasized. Human volunteers, animal experiments, cells and molecules, biophysics and other fields of research progress. Most epidemiological studies showed that the health risk ratio of very low frequency electromagnetic fields was between 1 and 2. The experimental study of human volunteers mainly includes cardiopulmonary physiology, EEG and nerve, blood routine, melatonin and so on. Animal experimental studies mainly include cognitive, vascular permeability, melatonin, immune system, transgenic leukemia animal model, synergistic carcinogenesis and so on. Cell and molecular studies include cell cycle, apoptosis, cell division, DNA replication, transcription and translation. Biophysical studies include Ros mechanisms, intracellular Ca 2 2, ion channels, robust behavior, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), magnetic particles in vivo and so on. The international standards on the limits of very low frequency electromagnetic fields mainly include ICNIRP guidelines and IEEE standards, while the domestic standards mainly include occupational health standards and environmental control standards. The future research direction should include the biological system characteristics such as robustness and emergence of the very low frequency electromagnetic field, the biological real-time response under the electromagnetic field and the biological effect of the electromagnetic energy.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学医学院浙江省生物电磁学重点实验室生物物理与医学工程研究组;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61071060)~~
【分类号】：TM15
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本文编号：1996179