三电平变频调速系统的参数辩识与矢量控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 15:52

本文选题：三电平逆变器 + 磁链观测器　；参考：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：三电平变频器在交流调速领域中得到了广泛的应用,磁场定向控制是三相异步电动机高性能驱动中应用最为成熟的一种控制技术,可以使交流调速传动系统在高精度、快速动态响应等技术性能指标上媲美直流调速传动系统。矢量控制以电机的动态模型为基础,对电机参数依赖性较强,而电机参数的时变、非线性会直接影响矢量控制的性能。本文针对矢量控制系统性能极大地受到电机参数影响这一问题,从磁链观测器和参数辨识两个方面进行分析研究。首先,介绍了矢量控制和参数辨识的发展现状。作为理论铺垫,分析了坐标变换的方法,异步电机在不同坐标系下的数学模型,以及转子磁场定向的基础理论。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真,验证了矢量控制的高精度调速性能,以及良好的抗干扰能力。在频域内从幅值和相角的角度,定量分析了电压模型、电流模型等不同类型磁链观测器的收敛性能和参数敏感性,提供了良好的指导作用。结合电压模型和电流模型两者的优点,构建了一个可根据转速高低不同,自动调节电压模型和电流模型比重的参数鲁棒性很强的磁链观测器。接着,介绍了三电平变频器的参数离线自整定方法。利用三电平矢量控制系统的固有硬件资源,通过变频器向电机注入电压、电流测试信号,在电机静止状态下估算出可信度很高的电机参数。不仅扩充了交流调速的功能,也可为矢量控制系统提供可靠的电机参数初值。最后,介绍了基于全阶状态观测器的在线参数辨识方法。通过自适应机构不断修正电机参数,克服了参数随电机运行状态不断变化的缺点。通过对反馈增益矩阵和自适应律的合理设计,使全阶状态观测器在线辨识系统在稳定的前提下,获得足够快的收敛速度和很好的辨识精度。最后,通过MATLAB/Simulink验证了该方法的可行性和正确性。
[Abstract]:Three-level inverter has been widely used in the field of AC speed regulation. Magnetic field oriented control is the most mature control technology in the high performance drive of three-phase asynchronous motor. Rapid dynamic response and other technical performance indicators comparable to DC speed drive system. The vector control is based on the dynamic model of the motor and has a strong dependence on the parameters of the motor. The nonlinearity of the parameters of the motor will directly affect the performance of the vector control. Aiming at the problem that the performance of vector control system is greatly affected by the motor parameters, the flux observer and parameter identification are analyzed and studied in this paper. Firstly, the development of vector control and parameter identification is introduced. As the theoretical foundation, the methods of coordinate transformation, the mathematical models of asynchronous motor in different coordinate systems and the basic theory of rotor magnetic field orientation are analyzed. The simulation of MATLAB / Simulink verifies the high precision speed regulation performance of vector control and its good anti-interference ability. From the angle of amplitude and phase angle, the convergence performance and parameter sensitivity of different types of flux observer, such as voltage model and current model, are quantitatively analyzed in frequency domain. Combining the advantages of the voltage model and the current model, a flux observer is constructed, which can automatically adjust the specific gravity of the voltage model and the current model according to the different rotational speed. Then, the off-line self-tuning method of three-level inverter is introduced. Using the inherent hardware resources of the three-level vector control system, the parameters of the motor with high reliability are estimated by injecting the voltage and current test signals into the motor by the inverter. It not only expands the function of AC speed regulation, but also provides reliable initial value of motor parameters for vector control system. Finally, an online parameter identification method based on full order state observer is introduced. The parameters of the motor are constantly modified by the adaptive mechanism, which overcomes the shortcoming that the parameters change with the running state of the motor. Through the reasonable design of feedback gain matrix and adaptive law, the full order state observer on-line identification system can obtain fast convergence speed and good identification accuracy under the premise of stability. Finally, the feasibility and correctness of the method are verified by MATLAB / Simulink.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM343

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