向家坝水电站泄洪消能关键技术研究与实践

发布时间：2018-06-10 11:04

本文选题：高低坎泄洪消能 + 立轴漩涡　；参考：《水利水电技术》2014年11期

【摘要】：向家坝水电站泄洪消能具有"高水头、大单宽流量、泄洪频繁、多泥沙"的特点,其泄洪消能方式受雾化、通航、排沙以及地质条件等方面的制约;通过采用高低坎泄洪消能方案,攻克了向家坝水电站泄洪消能技术难点;达到了雾化影响小、消能效率高、消力池临底流速小、下游水流平顺、泄洪运行方式灵活、悬移质能安全过坝的效果。模型试验、数值分析和原型监测成果表明,立轴漩涡临底强度较低,原型监测尚未观测到立轴漩涡;磨蚀、水流空化、闸门流激振动等方面的水力特性都在允许的范围内;经受了三个汛期的泄洪考验。下游县城紧邻水电站,且局部城区位于古河道的不利地质条件,部分泄洪工况时出现了下游县城局部区域房屋门窗振动现象。通过溪洛渡、向家坝两库联合调度和优化闸门运行方式,振动强度得到显著减小,使门窗振动问题得到有效控制,各项振动量值均在国家规定的人身舒适性评价标准的容许限值之内。
[Abstract]:The flood discharge and energy dissipation of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station is characterized by "high water head, large single wide discharge, frequent flood discharge and much sediment". Its flood discharge and energy dissipation mode is restricted by atomization, navigation, sediment discharge and geological conditions. The technical difficulties of flood discharge and energy dissipation in Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station have been overcome by adopting the scheme of flood discharge and energy dissipation at high and low ridges, with small influence of atomization, high efficiency of energy dissipation, small flow velocity at the bottom of the stilling pool, smooth downstream flow and flexible operation mode of flood discharge. The effect that suspended matter can safely cross a dam. The results of model test, numerical analysis and prototype monitoring show that the vertical vortex has low near bottom strength, no vertical vortex has been observed in prototype monitoring, and the hydraulic characteristics of erosion, cavitation, gate flow vibration and so on are within the allowable range. It has stood the test of three flood seasons. The downstream county seat is adjacent to the hydropower station, and the partial urban area is located in the unfavorable geological conditions of the ancient river course. During some flood discharge conditions, the vibration of the windows and doors of the houses in the local area of the downstream county town appears. Through Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba two reservoirs combined dispatching and optimizing the operation mode of the gate, the vibration intensity is significantly reduced and the vibration problem of doors and windows is effectively controlled. All vibration values are within the allowable limits of the national assessment criteria for personal comfort.
【作者单位】：中国长江三峡集团公司;
【分类号】：TV73;TV653

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