盘式绕组旋转式音圈电机的研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 05:30

本文选题：旋转式音圈电机 + 盘式绕组　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：音圈电机是一种结构特殊的电磁机构。根据其运动轨迹可分为直线式音圈电机和旋转式音圈电机。由于具有响应速度快、结构简单、体积小、无齿槽效应、定位精度高等特性，音圈电机在很多场合中得到越来越广泛的应用。在航空航天领域，当负载为有限转角旋转且对位置精度要求较高时，音圈电机已经代替传统的力矩电机成为这类工程应用中的主流产品。为了适应某些特殊领域微型轻量的要求，设计时音圈电机的动子只能在有限角度范围内转动。对于一些特殊的场合，要求旋转部分既能连续多圈旋转进行扫描，又能在确定目标范围内进行小范围精密控制，所以音圈电机的动子部分在旋转方向上不能有机械限制。现有的音圈电机结构都不能满足这个要求，而且目前的产品中都不能实现这个功能。本文研制了一种特殊结构的盘式绕组旋转式音圈电机。首先介绍了盘式绕组旋转式音圈电机的原理，对其结构的特殊性进行了分析。给出了此类电机在结构设计时的结构参数约束条件，推导了电机空载时的等效磁路。通过有限元软件进行了模型仿真与性能计算，给出了不同结构参数对电机综合性能的影响。剖析了音圈电机中：电枢反应引起气隙磁密畸变致使电机出力不均匀这一共性问题。给出了不同定子底座材料时的气隙磁密、最大力矩和重量的计算结果对比，给出不同场合下选用不同定子底座材料的依据。当前国内外对音圈电机中的损耗、温度场计算、热应力及其热变形分析较少。本文分析了盘式绕组旋转式音圈电机在扫描工况下的电机损耗问题，包括定子铁心损耗、永磁体涡流损耗、盘式绕组铜耗。指出了电机温升的主要来源，根据温度场常用的热源载荷对音圈电机的温度场进行计算，并与热应力进行耦合，分析了机构的热应力和热变形情况，指出在精密配合处的材料选取原则。由于本文研制的音圈电机工况特殊，，文章最后对音圈电机进行了结构的优化。通过S-N曲线方法对优化结构进行了音圈电机的强度校核，分析了机构的疲劳寿命，给出了机构的极限屈服强度。最后对研制的样机进行了包括电气时间常数、气隙磁密、力矩系数等方面的实验。结果表明本文研制的音圈电机满足设计要求。
[Abstract]:Voice coil motor is a special structure of electromagnetic mechanism. According to its motion track, it can be divided into linear voice coil motor and rotary voice coil motor. Because of the characteristics of fast response, simple structure, small volume, no slot effect and high positioning accuracy, voice coil motor has been more and more widely used in many situations. In the field of aerospace, when the load is rotated at a finite angle and the position accuracy is high, the voice coil motor has replaced the traditional torque motor as the mainstream product in this kind of engineering application. In order to meet the requirement of miniaturization and lightweight in some special fields, the motion of voice coil motor can only be rotated in a limited range of angles. For some special occasions, it is required that the rotating part can not only be scanned continuously in multiple cycles, but also can be controlled in a small range within the determined target range, so there can be no mechanical restriction on the rotation direction of the moving part of the voice coil motor. The existing structure of voice coil motor can not meet this requirement, and none of the current products can realize this function. In this paper, a special structure of disc winding rotary voice coil motor is developed. Firstly, the principle of disc winding rotary voice coil motor is introduced, and the particularity of its structure is analyzed. The constraint conditions of the structural parameters of this kind of motor in structural design are given, and the equivalent magnetic circuit when the motor is not loaded is deduced. The model simulation and performance calculation are carried out by finite element software, and the influence of different structure parameters on the comprehensive performance of motor is given. This paper analyzes the common problem that armature reaction leads to air gap magnetic density distortion and motor force is not uniform in voice coil motor. The calculation results of air gap magnetic density, maximum torque and weight for different stator base materials are compared, and the basis for selecting different stator base materials under different situations is given. The current calculation of loss and temperature field in voice coil motor at home and abroad is given. The analysis of thermal stress and thermal deformation is less. In this paper, the loss of rotating coil motor with disk winding under scanning condition is analyzed, including stator core loss, eddy current loss of permanent magnet and copper loss of disk winding. The main source of temperature rise of motor is pointed out. The temperature field of voice coil motor is calculated according to the heat source load commonly used in temperature field, and coupled with thermal stress, the thermal stress and thermal deformation of the mechanism are analyzed. It is pointed out that the principle of material selection at the precise matching point. Due to the special working condition of the voice coil motor developed in this paper, the structure of the voice coil motor is optimized at the end of the paper. The strength of the optimized structure is checked by S-N curve method, the fatigue life of the mechanism is analyzed, and the ultimate yield strength of the mechanism is given. Finally, experiments are carried out on the prototype, including electrical time constant, air gap magnetic density, torque coefficient and so on. The results show that the voice coil motor developed in this paper meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM35

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