晶体硅太阳能电池背面电极用银浆的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 21:16

本文选题：晶体硅太阳能电池 + 背面电极　；参考：《中南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：摘要：太阳能作为无污染、可再生能源,具有广阔的应用前景和发展空间。对于晶体硅太阳能电池的研究已成了科学界和工程界的热点。就目前研究和发展情况来看,针对晶体硅太阳能电池正极的研究越来越深入具体,而在背电极方面的研究几乎还处于空白阶段。因此,能研制出性能优异的背面银浆,实现太阳能电池生产技术的国产化,打破国外垄断的被动局面,对我国科技与经济的发展来说意义深远。本文对多晶体硅太阳能电池背面银浆的制备与性能进行了研究,采用化学还原法制备了球形银粉,采用机械球磨法制备了片状银粉,改变有机羧酸含量配制了不同的有机载体,主要讨论了银粉、有机载体以及电池烧结峰值温度对背银浆料烧结成膜效果和电池片性能的影响。研究结果具体如下： 1、采用不同形貌银粉制备的背银浆料烧结膜和电池片性能有所不同,片形银粉制备的背面银浆效果最好,电极烧结膜均匀致密,导电性好,电池片的平均光电转换效率也最高,为17.430%；球形银粉制备背银浆料的各方面性能仅次于片形银粉,电池片的平均光电转换效率为17.315%；树枝状银粉制备的背面银浆效果最差,烧结膜孔洞大而多,无法形成良好的导电通道,表面方阻很大,附着力也很差,制得的多晶硅太阳能电池片的平均光电转换效率最低,为15.733%。 2、采用三种不同分散性的片形银粉制备背面银浆和多晶硅太阳能电池片,结果表明,分散性差的银粉制备的背银烧结膜表面稀疏不致密,附着力不大,为3.37N,导电性一般,所得电池片的光电性能也较差,光电转换效率仅为16.389%；分散性较好的银粉制备的背电极烧结膜形貌有所改善,表面较平整致密,导电性变优,表面方阻为0.96mΩ/□,电池的平均光电转换效率提高,为17.042%；而分散性很好的银粉制得的背电极烧结膜形貌则很理想,各方面性能都最好,得到的电池片的平均光电转换效率也最大,为17.437%。 3、对比五种不同振实密度的片形银粉制备的背电极厚膜和电池片性能可知,振实密度最低(1.5g/cm3)的银粉所制的背电极烧结膜质量最差,电极膜附着力为2.46N,表面方阻值为2.86mΩ/□,电池的平均光电转换效率较低,仅16.792%；振实密度增加,烧结膜形貌质量提高,孔洞率降低,附着力提高,银膜导电率有所下降,导电性能变好,电池光电转换效率上升；当振实密度为3.5g/cm3时,附着力最大,为4.28N,电池的平均光电转换效率最高,达到17.414%。 4、探讨了有机载体中有机羧酸的加入量对背银浆料烧结特性与电池片性能的影响,当不加有机羧酸时,背电极烧结膜质量较差,孔洞较多且大,附着力也一般,为3.53N,所得电池片的平均光电转换效率也较低,为17.120%；随着有机羧酸的加入,对背银电极的烧结形貌带来了一定的改善,孔洞率降低,表面方阻降低,附着力提高,光电转换效率增大,当有机羧酸含量(w)为1.22%时,平均光电转换效率最大,为17.336%,当有机羧酸含量继续增加后,烧结膜质量又开始下降,附着力降低,表面方阻增大,光电转换效率降低。 5、选用不同烧结峰值温度得到了不同的背电极烧结膜,当烧结峰值温度为730-C时,银浆烧结不完全,烧结膜疏松不致密,有很大的孔洞,附着力也很小,仅为1.76N,电极表面方阻4.37mΩ/□,电池片的平均光电转换效率也较低,仅16.067%；随着烧结峰值温度的升高,银浆逐渐烧结完全,烧结膜质量提升,当温度在790℃时,得到的电池片性能最好,平均光电转换效率也最高,为17.336%；温度继续升高后,由于过烧,电极致密度变差,烧结膜的质量下降,当烧结温度为820℃时,得到的电池片的平均光电转换效率为17.258%。
[Abstract]:Abstract: as a pollution-free and renewable energy, solar energy has a broad application prospect and development space. The research on crystalline silicon solar cells has become a hot spot in the scientific and engineering circles. In the current research and development situation, the research on the positive pole of crystal silicon solar cell is becoming more and more detailed, and on the back electrode aspect. It is almost still in the blank stage. Therefore, it is possible to develop the back silver pulp with excellent performance, realize the localization of the solar cell production technology, break the passive situation of the foreign monopoly and have a profound significance to the development of China's science and technology and economy. Spherical silver powder was prepared by chemical reduction method. The flake silver powder was prepared by mechanical ball milling. Different organic carriers were prepared by changing the content of organic carboxylic acid. The effect of silver powder, organic carrier and the peak temperature of the battery on the sintering effect of silver back paste and the performance of the battery sheet were mainly discussed. The results are as follows:
1, the properties of the silver paste prepared by silver powder with different morphology are different. The silver powder prepared by the silver powder has the best effect on the back silver pulp, the electrode has a uniform densification, good electrical conductivity, and the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery sheet is the highest, which is 17.430%. The properties of the silver paste prepared by spherical silver powder are second to the shape of silver. The average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the powder is 17.315%, the back silver pulp from the dendrimer silver powder is the worst, the cavern holes are large and large, and the good conduction channel can not be formed. The surface resistance is very large and the adhesion is very poor. The flat average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell is the lowest, 15.733%.
2, three kinds of silver powder with different dispersivity are used to prepare the back silver pulp and polycrystalline silicon solar cell. The results show that the silver powder prepared by the dispersive silver powder is sparse and not dense, with little adhesion, 3.37N and electrical conductivity, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is only 16.389%. The better morphology of the silver powder prepared by the back electrode is improved, the surface is more smooth and compact, the conductivity is better, the surface resistance is 0.96m OMEGA / *, the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is increased to 17.042%, while the high dispersive silver powder has the ideal morphology of the back electrode burning conjunctiva, which has the best performance in all aspects and the battery chips obtained in all aspects. The average photoelectric conversion efficiency is the largest, which is 17.437%.
3, compared with the performance of the back electrode thick film and battery film prepared by five different vibrating density silver powders, it is found that the lowest (1.5g/cm3) silver powder has the worst quality of the back electrode, the electrode membrane adhesion is 2.46N, the surface resistance value is 2.86m OMEGA / h, the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is lower, only 16.792%, and the vibratory density increases. Adding, the quality of the conjunctival morphology is improved, the hole rate is reduced, the adhesion strength is increased, the conductivity of the silver film decreases, the electrical conductivity is better and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery rises. When the vibratory density is 3.5g/cm3, the adhesion is 4.28N, and the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is the highest, reaching 17.414%..
4, the effect of organic carboxylic acid on the sintering characteristics of silver paste and the performance of the battery sheet was discussed. When the organic carboxylic acid was not added, the quality of the back electrode was poor, the hole was more large and the adhesion was 3.53N. The average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the obtained battery was 17.120%, with the addition of organic carboxylic acid. When the content of organic carboxylic acid (W) is 1.22%, the average photoelectric conversion efficiency is 17.336%. When the content of organic carboxylic acid is increased, the quality of the organic carboxylic acid decreases and the adhesion is reduced. The surface resistance increases and the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases.
5, different sintering peak temperature was selected for different back electrode burning conjunctiva. When the peak temperature was 730-C, the silver pulp was not completely sintered and the sintered film was loose and not dense. There were a lot of holes and little adhesion, only 1.76N, the surface resistance of the electrode was 4.37m OMEGA / *, and the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery sheet was low, only 16.067%; with the burning. When the peak temperature rises, the silver pulp is gradually sintered and the quality of the sintered film is improved. When the temperature is 790, the performance of the battery is the best and the average photoelectric conversion efficiency is the highest, which is 17.336%. After the temperature continues to rise, the density of the electrode is worse and the quality of the sintered film decreases. When the sintering temperature is 820, the battery is obtained. The average photoelectric conversion efficiency of the film is 17.258%.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4

【参考文献】