火电厂输煤电气控制系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-06-15 18:11

本文选题：输煤程控 + 输煤皮带　；参考：《西安工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤是火力发电厂的能量来源。火力发电厂内的输煤系统是燃煤进入到火电厂后,从卸煤开始,直到将符合标准的煤送到原煤仓为止的工艺过程。由于燃煤的输送现场环境十分恶劣,极大损害了工人的身体健康；由于输煤系统的传输范围比较大,经常伴有输煤皮带撕裂、跑偏及犁煤器的堵塞等故障；煤料的处理有很大的工作量。伴随着国家经济的不断发展,用电量的不断增加,火电厂的容量也将持续增加。考虑到未来燃煤的品种、厂外来煤的途径很多,传统的输煤系统会在很大的程度上降低发电厂的总体工作效率。为了提高工作效率,系统必须具有较高的自动化水平,以保障稳定安全的供应燃料、改善劳动环境、降低单位发电生产成本。目前我国部分电厂的输煤程控自动化仍处于较低的水平,本文研究的主要内容是火力发电厂输煤部分的电气控制系统。目前我国的火电厂的输煤控制系统主要分为卸煤部分、堆煤部分、配煤部分、上煤部分四大部分。其中卸煤和堆煤部分相对独立。上煤部分和配煤部分将作为本文研究设计的主要部分。重要执行自动化设备包括给煤机、翻车机、除铁器、胶带式输送机、电动三通挡板、除尘器、滚轴筛、碎煤机、犁煤器等。在了解上煤和配煤程序流程控制及各项故障检测方法的基础上,构建整个控制系统的架构。整个火电厂输煤程控系统将使用工业现场总线、工业计算机、可编程逻辑控制器等,以可编程逻辑控制器作为整个系统的控制中心,将为配煤、上煤过程构建一个较为复杂的控制系统,使上煤系统和配煤系统可以采用连锁/解锁手动、程控自动、就地操作等操作方法。本文主要内容如下：首先分析了该项目的工艺流程,充分考虑输煤系统的作用和运行可靠性,然后得出火电厂输煤电气自动控制系统整体解决方案。这个方案主要包括：整个系统的输煤设备的电气硬件连接系统、基于西门子PLC的下位机程序、基于WinCC的控制界面。可编程控制器(PLC)是专门应对环境复杂、干扰严重的工业现场而研发逻辑控制器,随着具有操作方便、运行稳定安全、应用面广、功能强大等特性。已经广泛地应用在许多过程自动化和许多设备自动化中,在现代集散控制系统中,可编程逻辑控制器是一种最为基本的控制单元,在输煤控制系统中逐渐被应用。在实际生产过程中,设计的输煤电气控制有以下特点：整体运行稳定安全可靠,符合输煤工艺需求,提高整体效率。该系统充分利用西门子工控产品的优势,设计的整体输煤控制系统具有一定的工程应用价值.
[Abstract]:Coal is the source of energy in thermal power plants. The coal conveying system in a thermal power plant is a process from the beginning of unloading coal to the raw coal bunker after coal burning enters the thermal power plant. Because the environment of coal transportation is very bad, it greatly damages the health of workers, because the transmission range of coal transportation system is relatively large, it is often accompanied by belt tear, deviation and blockage of plough coal conveyer and so on. There is a lot of work to deal with coal. With the development of national economy and the increase of electricity consumption, the capacity of thermal power plant will continue to increase. Considering the variety of coal in the future, there are many ways of foreign coal in the plant. The traditional coal transportation system will reduce the overall working efficiency of the power plant to a great extent. In order to improve the working efficiency, the system must have a high level of automation, in order to ensure a stable and safe supply of fuel, improve the working environment, and reduce the production cost per unit generation. At present, the program control automation of coal transportation in some power plants in China is still at a low level. The main content of this paper is the electrical control system of coal conveying part in thermal power plants. At present, the coal conveying control system of thermal power plant in our country is divided into four parts: unloading part, pile coal part, blending part and coal feeding part. The part of unloading coal and heap coal is relatively independent. The coal feeding part and the coal blending part will be the main part of the research and design of this paper. Important execution automation equipment includes coal feeder, dumper, iron remover, rubber belt conveyor, electric three way baffle, dust collector, roller screen, coal shredder, plough coal machine, etc. The structure of the whole control system is constructed on the basis of understanding the process control of the coal feeding and blending program and the various fault detection methods. The whole coal conveying program control system of thermal power plant will use industrial field bus, industrial computer, programmable logic controller and so on, and take the programmable logic controller as the control center of the whole system. A more complex control system is constructed in the coal feeding process, which makes the coal feeding system and the coal blending system adopt the operation methods such as chain / unlocking manual operation, program control automation, local operation and so on. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the technological process of the project is analyzed, and the function and reliability of the coal conveying system are fully considered, and then the overall solution of the electric automatic control system for coal transportation in thermal power plant is obtained. This scheme mainly includes: the electrical hardware connection system of the whole system coal transportation equipment, based on Siemens PLC lower computer program, based on WinCC control interface. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is a kind of logic controller which is specially developed to deal with the complex environment and serious interference in industrial field. With the advantages of convenient operation, stable and safe operation, wide application, powerful function, etc. It has been widely used in many process automation and many equipment automation. In modern distributed control system, programmable logic controller is one of the most basic control units, and has been gradually applied in coal transportation control system. In the actual production process, the designed electrical control of coal transportation has the following characteristics: the whole operation is stable, safe and reliable, meets the needs of the coal transportation process, and improves the overall efficiency. This system makes full use of the advantages of Siemens industrial control products, and the whole coal conveying control system designed has certain engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP273;TM621

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