大型风力发电机组变桨距控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 11:20

本文选题：风力发电技术 + 独立变桨距控制　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代工业的发展带来了巨大的能源消耗和严重的环境污染,传统能源日益萎缩枯竭。为了人类社会的可持续发展,当务之急是寻找和研究利用可再生的绿色能源。风力发电作为可再生能源发电技术的一种重要形式,在能源供给中的比例正在逐步提高。随着风力发电机组的容量不断提高,风力机的尺寸不断增加,如何提高输出功率的稳定性、减小风机载荷成为众多科研院所研究的重点。针对以上问题,本文选用主流的双馈型变桨距大型风力发电机设计了三维模糊独立变桨距控制系统,通过MATLAB软件搭建风力发电机组的仿真模型验证该控制方案的合理性,达到了改善风机输出功率稳定性减小载荷的目的。本文首先介绍了风力发电的发展和风电技术的发展,提出变桨控制技术。以风力发电机组的组成、工作原理、变桨原理和空气动力学为基础,研究变桨距风力发电机组各子系统数学模型。设计传统PID控制器和各子系统模型建立统一PID变桨距控制系统的Matlab仿真模型,通过仿真验证能够实现风力发电机组的变桨控制。为减小风机载荷,在确保PID统一变桨距系统可以稳定输出功率的基础上建立基于桨叶方位角的权系数分配的PID独立变桨距系统的Matlab仿真模型。通过与统一变桨距控制方法的仿真结果对比显示出独立变桨距在减小桨叶载荷方面的巨大优势。传统的PID控制对于风力发电机组这种具有很强的非线性又难以建模的工程问题的控制效果不是很理想,因此本文提出改进的三维模糊控制方案以提高系统的功率控制精度。通过模糊独立变桨距控制系统与三维模糊独立变桨距控制系统的仿真对比,表明改进的三维模糊控制方案是可行的。在保证桨叶载荷有所减小的情况下,有效地提高了独立变桨距控制系统的输出功率的稳定性。仿真证明改进的三维模糊独立变桨距风力发电系统达到了提高系统输出功率稳定性和减小风机载荷的目的,为风力发电机组向更大型化发展提供了可能性保证了风机的安全运行。
[Abstract]:The development of modern industry has brought huge energy consumption and serious environmental pollution. For the sustainable development of human society, the urgent task is to find and study the use of renewable green energy. Wind power generation as an important form of renewable energy generation technology, the proportion of energy supply is gradually increasing. With the capacity of wind turbine increasing and the size of wind turbine increasing, how to improve the stability of output power and reduce the load of wind turbine has become the focus of many research institutes. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designs a 3D fuzzy independent pitch control system for large wind turbine with variable pitch by using the main type of doubly-fed variable pitch wind turbine. The simulation model of the wind turbine generator set up by MATLAB software verifies the rationality of the control scheme. The output power stability of the fan is improved and the load is reduced. This paper first introduces the development of wind power generation and wind power technology, and puts forward the control technology of variable propeller. Based on the composition, working principle, variable propeller principle and aerodynamics of the wind turbine, the mathematical models of the subsystems of the wind turbine with variable pitch are studied. The traditional pid controller and each subsystem model are designed to establish the Matlab simulation model of the unified pid pitch control system. The simulation results show that the variable propeller control of the wind turbine can be realized. In order to reduce fan load, a Matlab simulation model of pid independent variable pitch system based on weight coefficient allocation of blade azimuth is established on the basis of ensuring that pid uniform variable pitch system can output power stably. Compared with the simulation results of the unified variable pitch control method, it is shown that the independent variable pitch has a great advantage in reducing the blade load. The traditional pid control is not ideal for the wind turbine, which has strong nonlinear and difficult modeling. Therefore, an improved three-dimensional fuzzy control scheme is proposed in this paper to improve the power control accuracy of the system. The simulation results of fuzzy independent pitch control system and three dimensional fuzzy independent pitch control system show that the improved three dimensional fuzzy control scheme is feasible. The stability of the output power of the independent pitch control system is improved effectively under the condition that the blade load is reduced. The simulation results show that the improved three dimensional fuzzy independent pitch wind power generation system can improve the stability of output power and reduce the load of fan. It provides the possibility for the wind turbine to develop to a larger scale and ensures the safe operation of the fan.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP273;TM315

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