基于PMSM无传感器控制的转速与位置观测算法研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 13:46

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 转速与位置观测　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(PMSM)因其优越的性能在各行业得到广泛地应用,并具有广阔的发展前景。准确地获得电机的转速和位置对永磁同步电机控制系统是至关重要的,传统控制系统中普遍采用机械传感器检测转子信息,如测速发电机、光电编码器等,这增加了电机成本,降低了电机可靠性,也限制了电机的使用场合。因此,采用观测算法利用可测量和计算的电流电压来估算获得电机转子信息代替传统传感器成为了一个研究热点。本文以正弦波驱动的面贴式PMSM为研究对象,研究了三种方法来获得其转速与位置,分别针对不同转速范围进行转速和位置观测。文章首先本文详细介绍了PMSM转速与位置观测算法研究现状,并给出了永磁同步电机矢量方程及其在各个坐标系下的数学模型,以及永磁同步电机矢量控制方法和SVPWM的实现。其次针对中高速段详细探讨了基于滑模观测器的永磁同步电机转速与位置观测算法并对传统滑模观测器进行了改进。同时,也详细研究了基于模型参考自适应的转速与位置观测算法,并分别在MATLAB/simulink中搭建了仿真模型,并对仿真结果进行了详尽分析。因为低速下反电动势过小,需采用其他方法。所以针对低速段讨论了脉振高频电压注入法,并且通过仿真验证了该算法的可行性,并对仿真结果进行了分析。最后在以数字信号处理器(DSP)TMS320F28069为核心的硬件控制平台上实现转速与位置观测算法的核心软件开发,给出了离散化方法和改进滑模观测器的离散化前期处理方法,并对给出的实验波形进行了分析。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been widely used in various industries because of its superior performance, and has a broad development prospect. It is very important to accurately obtain the speed and position of the motor for the permanent magnet synchronous motor control system. In the traditional control system, mechanical sensors are widely used to detect rotor information, such as speed measuring generator, photoelectric encoder and so on, which increases the cost of the motor. Reduce the reliability of the motor, but also limit the use of the motor. Therefore, using the observational algorithm to estimate the rotor information of the motor by using the measurable and calculated current and voltage instead of the traditional sensor has become a research hotspot. In this paper, three methods are studied to obtain the rotational speed and position of the Sine Wave driven surface mount PMSM, and the rotational speed and position observation are carried out respectively for different rotational speed ranges. Firstly, this paper introduces the research status of PMSM speed and position observation algorithm in detail, and gives the vector equation of PMSM and its mathematical model in each coordinate system, as well as the vector control method of PMSM and the realization of SVPWM. Secondly, the speed and position observation algorithm of PMSM based on sliding mode observer is discussed in detail, and the traditional sliding mode observer is improved. At the same time, the rotation speed and position observation algorithm based on model reference adaptive is studied in detail, and the simulation model is built in MATLAB / Simulink, and the simulation results are analyzed in detail. Because the back EMF is too small at low speed, other methods are needed. Therefore, the high frequency voltage injection method of pulse vibration is discussed for low speed section, and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by simulation, and the simulation results are analyzed. Finally, the core software of rotational speed and position observation algorithm is developed on the hardware control platform based on DSP TMS320F28069. The discretization method and the pre-discretization processing method of improved sliding mode observer are presented. The experimental waveform is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341

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